Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Page Header Logo

Research article

Vol 16 No 1 (2022): Volume 16, Number 1, 2022

Peruraian anaerobik termofilik palm oil mill effluent dengan variasi konsentrasi substrat

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.69574
Submitted
November 20, 2023
Published
June 30, 2022

Abstract

Tingginya tingkat pengolahan kelapa sawit di Indonesia menghasilkan limbah palm oil mill effluent (POME). Limbah POME memiliki kandungan \textit{chemical oxygen demand} (COD) mencapai 100.000 mg/L yang dapat mencemari ekosistem jika dibuang ke lingkungan tanpa perlakuan yang tepat. Salah satu perlakuan yang digunakan dalam menangani limbah POME adalah peruraian anaerobik termofilik. Keuntungan dari proses ini adalah menghasilkan gas metana yang dapat digunakan sebagai energi alternatif. Konsentrasi substrat memengaruhi proses peruraian anaerobik. Penelitian pendahuluan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa proses peruraian anaerobik termofilik pada berbagai konsentrasi POME sebagai substrat dengan suhu 55oC.  Proses peruraian anaerobik menggunakan konsentrasi substrat 16.000, 11.000, dan 5.000 mg sCOD/L. Inokulum yang digunakan adalah digested cow manure (DCM). Proses peruraian dilakukan menggunakan sistem kontinyu dengan didahului proses aklimatisasi secara batch. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi 16.000 dan 11.000 mg sCOD/L menghasilkan lebih banyak gas metana. Namun, yield metana pada konsentrasi 16.000 dan 11.000 mg sCOD /L tidak berbeda signifikan berdasarkan uji Tukey (p=0,05). Konsentrasi POME 5.000 mg sCOD/L menghasilkan gas metana yang lebih rendah dan terjadi penurunan drastis setelah hari ke-85. Hal ini disebabkan penurunan konsumsi sCOD yang diiringi dengan peningkatan kadar volatile fatty acid (VFA) menunjukkan akumulasi asam yang menghambat proses pembentukan gas metana.

References

APHA., 2017a. 5220 CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD), Standard Methods Examination Water Wastewater, Washington, DC, USA, p. S-18.

APHA., 2017b. 5560 ORGANIC AND VOLATILE ACIDS, Standard Methods Examination Water Wastewater, pp. 5–56.

Ayu, E.D., Halim, L., Mellyanawaty, M., Sudibyo, H., & Budhijanto, W., 2017. The effect of natural zeolite as microbial immobilization media in anaerobic digestion at various concentrations of palm oil mill effluent (POME), AIP Conf. Proc., 1840 (ISFAChE 2016), 1–8.

Aziz, M.M., Kassim, K.A., ElSergany, M., Anuar, S., Jorat, M.E., Yaacob, H., Ahsan, A., et al., 2020. Recent advances on palm oil mill effluent (POME) pretreatment and anaerobic reactor for sustainable biogas production, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., Elsevier Ltd, 119 (February 2019), 109603.

Braz, G.H.R., Fernandez-Gonzalez, N., Lema, J.M. and Carballa, M., 2019. Organic overloading affects the microbial interactions during anaerobic digestion in sewage sludge reactors, Chemosphere, Elsevier Ltd, 222, 323–332.

Choong, Y.Y., Chou, K.W. and Norli, I., 2018. Strategies for improving biogas production of palm oil mill effluent (POME) anaerobic digestion: A critical review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., Elsevier Ltd, 82 (January 2017), 2993–3006.

Feng, S., Hong, X., Wang, T., Huang, X., Tong, Y. and Yang, H., 2019. Reutilization of high COD leachate via recirculation strategy for methane production in anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste: Performance and dynamic of methanogen community, Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier, 288 (1800), 121509.

Filer, J., Ding, H.H. and Chang, S., 2019. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Assay Method for Anaerobic Digestion Research, Water, 11 (921), available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/w11050921.

GAPKI., 2020. Refleksi Industri Sawit 2020 & Prospek 2021, available at: https://gapki.id/news/18768/refleksi-industri-sawit-2020-prospek-2021 (accessed 13 July 2021).

Gómez, X., Cuetos, M.J., Cara, J., Morán, A. and García, A.I., 2006. Anaerobic co-digestion of primary sludge and the fruit and vegetable fraction of the municipal solid wastes. Conditions for mixing and evaluation of the organic loading rate, Renew. Energy, 31 (12), 2017–2024.

Hagos, K., Zong, J., Li, D., Liu, C. and Lu, X., 2017. Anaerobic co-digestion process for biogas production: Progress, challenges and perspectives, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., Elsevier Ltd, 76 (November 2016), 1485–1496.

Mao, C., Xi, J., Feng, Y., Wang, X. and Ren, G., 2019. Biogas production and synergistic correlations of systematic parameters during batch anaerobic digestion of corn straw, Renew. Energy, Elsevier Ltd, 132, 1271–1279.

Meesap, K., Boonapatcharoen, N., Techkarnjanaruk, S. and Chaiprasert, P., 2012. Microbial communities and their performances in anaerobic hybrid sludge bed-fixed film reactor for treatment of palm oil mill effluent under various organic pollutant concentrations, J. Biomed. Biotechnol., 2012, available at: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/902707.

Rajani, A., Kusnadi, Santosa, A., Saepudin, A., Gobikrishnan, S. and Andriani, D., 2019. Review on biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME): Challenges and opportunities in Indonesia, IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., 293 (1), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/293/1/012004.

Ravi, P.P., Lindner, J., Oechsner, H. and Lemmer, A., 2018. Effects of target pH-value on organic acids and methane production in two-stage anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste, Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier, 247 (July 2017), 96–102.

Tanimu, M.I., Idaty, T., Ghazi, M., Harun, M.R. and Idris, A., 2014. Effect of feed loading on biogas methane production in batch mesophilic anaerobic digesters treating food waste, Int. J. Chem. Environ. Eng., 5 (1), 1–6.

Wang, B., Strömberg, S., Li, C., Nges, I.A., Nistor, M., Deng, L. and Liu, J., 2015. Effects of substrate concentration on methane potential and degradation kinetics in batch anaerobic digestion, Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier Ltd, 194, 240–246.

Zhang, W., Lang, Q., Wu, S., Li, W., Bah, H. and Dong, R., 2014. Anaerobic digestion characteristics of pig manures depending on various growth stages and initial substrate concentrations in a scaled pig farm in Southern China, Bioresour. Technol., Elsevier Ltd, 156, 63–69.