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Research article

Vol 17 No 2 (2023): Volume 17, Number 2, 2023

Sintesis katalis asam heterogen berbasis polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan pemanfaatannya dalam produksi metil ester asam lemak

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.84514
Submitted
November 29, 2023
Published
December 31, 2023

Abstract

Polivinil alkohol tersulfonasi merupakan katalis asam heterogen yang potensial untuk produksi metil ester asam lemak (FAME). Katalis (PVA/SSA) disintesis melalui reaksi esterifikasi antara polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan asam sulfosuksinat (SSA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh beberapa variabel proses seperti berat molekul (MW) PVA, tahap pencucian dengan metanol, kondisi annealing (waktu, suhu, dan tekanan annealing), dan suhu pengeringan terhadap kinerja PVA/ Katalis SSA dalam esterifikasi metanol dan asam lemak bebas (FFA). Katalis PVA tersulfonasi berhasil disintesis, ditandai dengan adanya gugus sulfonat (SO3) pada pita serapan 1267 cm-1 dan gugus karbonil (C=O) pada pita serapan 1628 cm-1 pada FT. -Spektrum IR. Katalis PVA/SSA yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kinerja yang baik, dimana konversi maksimum reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak dapat mencapai 81,9%. Selain itu, katalis dapat digunakan minimal empat kali pengulangan dengan penurunan konversi FAME dari tahap pertama ke tahap kedua sebesar 28,2% dan memiliki kinerja yang relatif stabil pada reaksi kedua dan selanjutnya (kisaran konversi 49,1% - 58,8% ). Katalis yang dihasilkan juga memiliki stabilitas termal yang baik dengan kisaran degradasi tahap pertama 200oC hingga 290oC, sehingga memungkinkan untuk diterapkan pada kisaran suhu yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan industri manufaktur FAME.

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