IMPLIKASI OVERCROWDING TERHADAP LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Abstract
This overcrowding problem has become a very difficult problem to solve and occurs continuously in almost all correctional institutions in Indonesia. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method by taking analytical techniques, namely literature studies combined with field observations and interviews. Based on this research, it is known that the overcrowding problem is caused by several factors such as problems with imprisonment policy, lack of alternative non-prison punishments, and over criminalization. The implications of overcrowding cases in the majority of detention centers and correctional institutions in Indonesia include the decline in the physical and mental health of prisoners, high cases of sexual violence in prisons, high suicide rates in prisons, and the consistency of increasing government budgets for finance penitentiary. Based on the findings related to the implications of overcrowding in Indonesia, efforts that can be made to overcome them are by implementing non-prison restorative programs such as community-based correction or open prisons equipped with work briefings to optimize the assimilation function.
Abstrak
Permasalahan overcrowding ini telah menjadi permasalahan yang sangat sulit untuk dipecahkan dan terjadi secara terus menerus di hampir seluruh lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengambil teknik analisis yaitu studi literatur yang dikombinasikan dengan observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa permasalahan overcrowding disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti permasalahan pada kebijakan pemenjaraan, kurangnya alternatif hukuman non-penjara, dan over criminalization. Adapun implikasi yang ditimbulkan dari kasus overcrowding di mayoritas rumah tahanan dan lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia antara lain adalah menurunnya kesehatan fisik dan mental narapidana, tingginya kasus kekerasan seksual di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan, tingginya angka bunuh diri di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan, dan konsistensi peningkatan anggaran pemerintah untuk membiayai lembaga pemasyarakatan. Berdasarkan temuan terkait implikasi overcrowding di Indonesia, maka upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengatasinya adalah dengan mengimplementasikan program-program restoratif non-penjara seperti community-based correction atau penjara terbuka yang dilengkapi dengan pembekalan kerja untuk mengoptimalkan fungsi asimilasi.
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