MENAFSIRKAN PANCASILA: WEWENANG PEMERINTAH ATAU PERAN WARGA NEGARA? SUATU TELAAH DARI PERSPEKTIF HERMENEUTIKA KRITIS HABERMASIAN
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This article aims at offering an ideal theory of interpreting Pancasila as a state ideology in a context of a democratic society. This essay is arguing against the notion that Pancasila should be interpreted by the Government. In doing so, the author examines the merits of such notion from a legal and philosophical standpoint. The former focuses exclusively on the question of legality, whereas the latter on hermeneutics. This article offers an alternative theory of interpreting Pancasila that is built on a Habermasian Critical Hermeneutics. This article argues that any interpretation on ideology—including Pancasila—should be situated in a deliberative democracy that is directed at emancipating the interpreter, that is the People of Indonesia. At the end of this article, this Article concludes that not only such an interpretation is made possible by law, but it is also philosophically justified.
Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan sebuah teori yang ideal untuk menafsirkan Pancasila sebagai sebuah ideologi negara. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa Pancasila tidak dapat ditafsirkan oleh Pemerintah. Untuk mencapai kepada kesimpulan tersebut, tulisan ini menyajikan suatu diskusi dari dua macam sudut pandang, yakni dari perspektif hukum dan filsafat. Dari perspektif hukum, fokus utama diarahkan pada permasalahan legalitas, sedangkan perspektif filsafat memiliki fokus pada hermeneutika. Berdasarkan dua macam perspektif tersebut, tulisan ini mengajukan sebuah alternatif penafsiran atas Pancasila yang didasarkan pada Hermeneutika Kritis Habermasian. Tulisan ini berpendapat, bertolak dari perspektif Hermeneutika Kritis Habermasian, bahwa segala bentuk penafsiran terhadap ideologi—karenanya juga Pancasila—harus ditempatkan dalam situasi demokrasi yang deliberatif yang bertujuan untuk mengemansipasi penafsirnya, yakni masyarakat Indonesia. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa penafsiran Pancasila oleh masyarakat Indonesia tidak hanya dimungkinkan secara hukum, tetapi juga dibenarkan secara filosofis.
Copyright (c) 2021 Conrado M. Cornelius
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