PERJANJIAN BAGI HASIL PENGGARAPAN LAHAN PERKEBUNAN DITINJAU DARI HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Abstract
Abstract
The Indonesia plantation law does not regulate in detail about the plantation profit sharing system, so the legal certainty is questionable. In addition, the agreement in principle of Islam (musaqah) needs to be implemented considering that most of the people involved in this activity are Muslim. Furthermore, people are usually making agreements only based on trust and agreement without a written agreement and there is no deadline for the expiration of the agreement so that often occurring a controversy. The type of this research is a normative juridical research, using the statute approach method and other related regulations. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the plantation profit sharing system in Indonesia did not have legal certainty. The agreement on trust and agreement without a written agreement is allowed based on positive and Islamic law. The absence of the date line of agreement base on positive law is allowed because there are no regulations that regulate it, but in Islamic law is not allowed because it is gharar.
Abstrak
Dalam undang-undang perkebunan tidak mengatur secara rinci mengenai sistem bagi hasil perkebunan sehingga perlu dipertanyakan mengenai kepastian hukumnya. Selain itu perjanjian secara prinsip Islam (akad musaqah) perlu diterapkan mengingat sebagian besar yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ini ada masyarakat muslim. Masyarakat terbiasa melakukan perjanjian hanya atas dasar kepercayaan dan kesepakatan saja tanpa adanya perjanjian tertulis serta tidak adanya batas waktu berakhirnya perjanjian sehingga kerap terjadi sengketa. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana hakikat sistem pelaksanaan perjanjian bagi hasil penggarapan lahan perkebunan di Indonesia menurut perspektif hukum positif dan hukum Islam. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan serta peraturan terkait. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bagi hasil perkebunan di Indonesia belum memiliki kepastian hukum. Mengenai perjanjian atas kepercayaan dan kesepakatan tanpa adanya perjanjian tertulis sah menurut hukum positif dan hukum Islam. Mengenai tidak adanya batas waktu perjanjian sah menurut hukum positif karena memang belum ada peraturan yang mengatur akan tetapi tidak sah menurut hukum Islam karena tidak sesuai dengan syarat akad musaqah yang mengharuskan adanya batas waktu agar terhindar dari gharar.
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