Determinants of Commuter Worker Income in South Sulawesi during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Nur Hilda Triany(1*)
(1) Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The development and ease of access to transportation in South Sulawesi Province opens up opportunities for the workforce to work in areas that are administratively different from their residence as commuters. Commuter workers tend to increase every year. When Covid-19 hit the economy in Indonesia, te government issued various policies to suppress the spread of the Covid-19 virus. One of them is by implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) which was also adapted by the South Sulawesi Provincial Government. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on commuter workers is still not a concern, especially even though the restrictions on economic and social activities have a significant impact on the working hours and income of commuter workers. This study determines the factors that affect the income of commuter workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the results of the August 2020 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) data processing, it shows that the income received by commuter workers during the Covid-19 pandemic is influenced by the variables of working hours, business fields, employment status, policies for implementing Work from Home, education level and gender.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adams-Prassl, A., Boneva, T., Rauh, C., Adams-Prassl, A., Golin, M., & Boneva, T. 2020. Inequality in the Impact of the Coronavirus Shock : Evidence from Real Time Surveys. (13183).
Basuki, A. T. R. I., & Prawoto, N. 2015. Analisis Regresi dalam Penelitian Ekonomi dan Bisnis. Rajawali Pers.
Beck, M. J., & Hensher, D. A. 2020. Insights into the impact of COVID-19 on household travel and activities in Australia – The early days under restrictions. Transport Policy, 96(July), 76–93. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.07.001
BPS. 2019.Statistik Komuter Jabodetabek 2019.
BPS. 2020a. Keadaan Angkatan Kerja di Indonesia Agustus 2020.
BPS. 2020b. Tinjauan Big Data Terhadap Dampak Covid-19.
Dewi, M. M., Magdalena, F., Ariska, N. P. D., Setiyawati, N., & Rumboirusi, W. C. B. 2020. Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Tenaga Kerja Formal di Indonesia. Populasi, 28, 32 53.
Frizalda, V. 2016. Waktu Tempuh Pelaku Mobilitas Ulang-Alik (Analisis Data Survei Komuter Jabodetabek 2014). Universitas Indonesia.
Gordon, P., Kumar, A., & Richardson, H. W. 1989. Gender Differences in Metropolitan Travel Behaviour. Regional Studies, 23(6), 499–510. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343408912331345672
Gottlieb, C., Grobovsek, J., Poschke, M., & Saltiel, F. 2020. Working from Home: Implications for Developing Countries. In S. Djankov & U. Panizza (Eds.), Covid-19 in Developing Economics (pp. 242–256). CEPR Press.
Gutiérrez-i-Puigarnau, E., & van Ommeren, J. N. 2010. Labour supply and commuting. Journal of Urban Economics, 68(1), 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jue.2010.03.003
Hanson, S., & Johnston, I. 1985. Gender Differences in Work Trip Length: Explanations and Implications. Urban Geography, 6(3), 193–219. https://doi. org/10.2747/0272-3638.6.3.193
Hensher, D. A., Wei, E., Beck, M., & Balbontin, C. 2021. The impact of COVID-19 on cost outlays for car and public transport commuting - The case of the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Area after three months of restrictions. Transport Policy, 101(September 2020), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.12.003
Hong, S. H., Lee, B. S., & McDonald, J. F. 2018. Commuting time decisions for two- worker households in Korea. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 69(October 2017), 122–129. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2018.01.010
ILO. 2020. ILO Monitor : COVID-19 and the world of work . Second edition Updated estimates and analysis. (April).
Iwata, S., & Tamada, K. 2014. The backward- bending commute times of married women with household responsibility. Transportation, 41(2), 251–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-013-9458-5
Kawabata, M., & Abe, Y. 2018. Intra- metropolitan spatial patterns of female labor force participation and commute times in Tokyo. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 68(May 2017), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2017.11.003
Kedir, A. M., & Mckay, A. 2005. Chronic Poverty in Urban Ethiopia: Panel Data Evidence. International Planning Studies, 10(1), 49–67.
Kikuchi, S., Kitao, S., & Mikoshiba, M. 2020. Heterogeneous employment vulnerability and inequality in Japan. Retrieved from VoxEU CEPR website: https://voxeu.org/article/heterogeneous-employment-vulnerability-and-inequality-japan
Muhyiddin. 2020. Covid-19, New Normal dan Perencanaan Pembangunan di Indonesia. The Indonesian Journal of Developmnet Planning, IV(2), 240–252.
Sultana, S., & Weber, J. 2014. The Nature of Urban Growth and the Commuting Transition: Endless Sprawl or a Growth Wave? Urban Studies, 51(3), 544–576. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013498284
Tambunan, R. P., Chotib, Syaukat, S. F., Nurraini, Y., Arlina, D., & Hashilah, F. 2014. Urban Demografi. Jakarta: Kemitraan Agenda Habitat Indonesia.
Yueping, S., Hantao, W., Xiao-yuan, D., & Zhili, W. 2021. To Return or Stay ? The Gendered Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Migrant Workers in China. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2020.1 845391
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.71696
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2258 | views : 2031Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Populasi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright of Jurnal Populasi ISSN 0853-6202 (PRINT), ISSN: 2476-941X (ONLINE).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.