Hubungan antara kehilangan gigi dengan fungsi kognisi dan fungsi memori pada lansia penghuni Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha (PTSW) Senjarawi Kota Bandung
Kartika Indah Sari(1*), Murnisari Darjan(2), Nanan Nur'aeny(3), Lulu Eva Rakhmilla(4)
(1) Fakultas kedokteran gigi Universitas Padjajaran.
(2) Departemen Biologi Oral, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat
(3) Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Mulut, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat
(4) Departemen Epidemiologi dan Biostatistik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Correlation between tooth loss and cognitive and memory function in elderly residents at Social Home Tresna Werdha (PTSW) Senjarawi, Bandung City. Tooth loss is reported to be linked with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. This study aimed to identify the correlation between tooth loss, cognitive and memory functions examined using a MMSE (mini-mental state examination) test to the elderly residents at Panti Sosial Tresna Wreda (PSTW) Senjarawi, Bandung. The research method used cross sectional design. The sampling was selected using concecutive sampling technique. The sample was selected according to the inclusion criteria including physical health (marked by their ability to perform daily activities independently) and ability to communicate well, at least 60 years of age, and independent. The results of the examination on 19 elderly people consisting of 12 females and 7 males showed that the research subjects fall in the category of having a decline in their cognitive and memory function, that is at the average age (75.89; 76.32), education level of elementary school (66.7%; 77.8%), female (41.7%; 66.7%), physical activity in the form of light exercise (50%; 66.7%) and having hypertension (58.3%; 75%), having musculoskeletal disorder (50%; 75%). Pearson chi-square test showed that there is no signicant correlation between tooth loss and cognitive function p = 1.318 (p > 0.05). Similarly, Pearson chi-square test of p = 0.333 (p> 0.05) indicates that there is signicant correlation between tooth loss and memory function. It can be concluded that there is a tendency of a decline in both cognitive function and memory function in tooth loss, but this is not evident statistically. Future research involving a larger number of samples is needed to obtain homogeneous and well-distributed data.
ABSTRAK
Kehilangan gigi dilaporkan berhubungan dengan penyakit Alzheimer dan demensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kehilangan gigi dengan fungsi kognisi dan fungsi memori yang diperiksa menggunakan lembar MMSE (mini mental state examination) pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Wreda (PSTW) Senjarawi Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel concecutive sampling. Sampel penelitian dipilih sesuai kriteria inklusi meliputi sehat fisik (yang ditandai dengan dapat melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari secara mandiri) dan mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik, usia minimal 60 tahun, dan mandiri. Hasil pemeriksaan pada 19 orang lansia yang terdiri dari 12 orang wanita dan 7 orang laki-laki menemukan karakteristik subjek penelitian pada kelompok penurunan fungsi kognisi dan penurunan fungsi memori yaitu usia rata-rata (75,89; 76,32), tingkat pendidikan SD (66,7%; 77,8%), jenis kelamin perempuan (41,7%; 66,7%), aktivitas fisik berupa olahraga ringan (50%; 66,7%) dan penyakit yang diderita berupa hipertensi (58,3%; 75%), penyakit muskuloskeletal (50%; 75%). Melalui uji Pearson chi square tidak terlihat hubungan yang signifikan antara kehilangan gigi dengan fungsi kognisi p = 1,318 (p>0,05). Begitu pula melalui uji Pearson chi square, p= 0,333 (p>0,05) dapat dijelaskan bahwa tidak terlihat hubungan yang signifikan antara kehilangan gigi dengan fungsi memori. Simpulan terdapat kecenderungan penurunan fungsi kognisi dan fungsi memori pada kehilangan gigi, namun hal ini secara statistik tidak terlihat korelasi yang signifikan. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih banyak sehingga diperoleh data yang homogen dan terdistribusi dengan baik.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.15497
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