Distribusi dan Karakteristik Pemuda NEET di Indonesia (Analisis Data Sakernas 2018)
Nindya Riana Sari(1*), Sukamdi Sukamdi(2), Abdur Rofi(3)
(1) Badan Pusat Statistik
(2) Departemen Geografi Lingkungan, Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Geografi Lingkungan, Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak Dalam tujuan kedelapan SDGs tertuang indikator dengan target pemuda, salah satunya mengurangi proporsi pemuda yang Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET). Indikator NEET menjadi salah satu ukuran untuk mengukur tenaga kerja yang tidak produktif di kalangan pemuda. Diantara negara-negara ASEAN lainnya, Indonesia menempati posisi pertama negara dengan persentase NEET-nya tertinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pemuda yang berstatus NEET dan sebarannya menurut provinsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder. Lebih jauh, data yang digunakan adalah Sakernas 2018. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa 24,07 persen pemuda berstatus NEET. Pemuda yang termasuk dalam NEET didominasi oleh pemuda perempuan, berpendidikan SMA/sederajat, bukan penyandang disabilitas, serta tinggal pada rumah tangga dengan kondisi sosial ekonomi yang cenderung rendah. Oleh karena itu, sebagai upaya mewujudkan target SDGs, berbagai program yang dibuat hendaknya harus didasarkan pada karakteristik pemuda di setiap wilayah Indonesia.
Abstract In the SDGs' eighth goal, there are indicators targeting youth, one of which is to reduce the proportion of youth who are not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET). NEET indicator is one measure to measure unproductive workforce among youth. Among other ASEAN countries, Indonesia ranks first with the highest NEET percentage. This study aims to determine the characteristics of young people with NEET status and distribution by province. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods using secondary data. The data used is Sakernas 2018. Based on data processing, it shows that 24.07 percent of youth are NEET. Youth who are included in NEET are dominated by the youth who are on average 23 years old, female, high school educated, are not disabled, living in households with socioeconomic conditions that tend to below. Therefore, to realize the SDGs target, various programs made should be based on the characteristics of youth in each region of Indonesia.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adioetomo, S. M., & Pardede, E. L. (2018). Memetik Bonus Demografi: Membangun Manusia Sejak Dini. Depok: Rajawali Pers.
Adioetomo, S. M., Posselt, H., & Utomo, A. (2014). UNFPA Indonesia Monograph Series No.2: Youth in Indonesia. Jakarta: UNFPA Indonesia.
Bappenas. (2017). Ringkasan Metadata Indikator Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB)/Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Indonesia. Jakarta: Bappenas.
Bappenas. (2018). Indeks Pembangunan Pemuda Indonesia 2017. Jakarta: Bappenas.
Becker, G. S. (1965). A Theory of the Allocation of Time. The Economic Journal, 75, No. 29, 493–517. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
BPS RI. (2018a). Keadaan Angkatan Kerja di Indonesia Agustus 2018. Jakarta: BPS RI.
BPS RI. (2018b). Proyeksi Penduduk Indonesia 2015-2045. Jakarta: BPS RI.
BPS RI. (2018c). Statistik Pemuda Indonesia 2018. Jakarta: BPS RI.
BPS RI. (2019a). Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2018. Jakarta: BPS RI.
BPS RI. (2019b). Penghitungan Indeks Ketimpangan Gender 2018 (Kajian Lanjutan 2). Jakarta: BPS RI.
Carcillo, S., Fernández, R., Königs, S., & Minea, A. (2014). NEET Youth in the Aftermath of the Crisis: Challenges and Policies. OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers No. 164.
Ehrenberg, R. G., & Smith, R. S. (2012). Modern Labor Economics : Theory and Public Policy Eleventh Edition. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
Eurofound. (2012). NEETs – Young people not in employment, education or training: Characteristics, costs and policy responses in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Furlong, A. (2006). Not a very NEET solution: Representing problematic labour market transitions among early school-leavers. Work, Employment and Society SAGE Publications, 20(3), 553–569. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017006067001
Gaffari, A., & Handayani, D. (2019). Keputusan Usia Muda yang Tidak Bekerja dan Tidak Terikat Pendidikan (NEE) dan Karakteristiknya di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi, 22(September), 76–91.
Green, A., & White, R. (2008). Shaped by place : young people’s decisions about education, training and work. Benefits, 16(3), 213–224.
Handayani, P. W., & Yuliani, Efi. (2022) Analisis pemuda NEET (not in employment, education, or training). Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, Volume. 24 Issue 2 (2022) Pages 267-279
Haryanti, T. (2015). Karakteristik Penduduk Usia Muda yang NEE (Not Employed and Not in Education). Tesis: Universitas Indonesia.
ILO. (2017). Laporan Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia 2017 : Memanfaatkan Teknologi untuk Pertumbuhan dan Penciptaan Lapangan Kerja. Jakarta: ILO.
ILO. (2019). Youth NEET Rate. Retrieved November 20, 2019, from https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/
Khotimah, Khusnul. (2009). Diskriminasi Gender Terhadap Perempuan dalam Sektor Pekerjaan. JUrnal Studi Gender dan Anak, Vol.4 No.1 Jan-Jun 2009 pp.158-180.
LPEM FEB UI. (2017). Laporan Akhir - Memetakan Penyandang Disabilitas (PD) di Pasar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia. Jakarta: ILO.
Malamassam, M. A. (2016). Youth migration in Indonesia: Decision to move and to choose destination areas. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 48(1), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.12469
Naraswati & Jatmiko. (2021). Individual and Province-level Determinants of Unemployed NEET as Young People’s Productivity Indicator in Indonesia During 2020: A Multilevel Analysis Approach. Proceedings of 2021 International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics (ICDSOS) Vol. 2021 No. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.34123/icdsos.v2021i1.102
Pattinasarany, I. R. I. (2019). Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) Among the Youth in Indonesia: The Effects of Social Activities, Access to Information, and Language Skills on NEET Youth. MASYARAKAT Jurnal Sosiologi, 24, No.1(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.7454/M
Rofi, A., & Sukamdi, S. (2001). Krisis Ekonomi dan Pergeseran Pemanfaatan Angkatan Kerja Perempuan: Kasus di DKI Jakarta. Populasi, 12(2), 3–26. https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.12281
Salvà-Mut, F., Tugores-Ques, M., & Quintana-Murci, E. (2017). NEETs in Spain: an analysis in a context of economic crisis. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 37(2), 168–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2017.1382016
Sukamdi. (2013). Struggling Out of Recession: The Influence of Crisis on Economic Performance and Welfare in Java. Dissertation: Radboud University Nijmegen.
Susiana, S. (2020). Kritik Terhadap Pasal 25 RUU Tentang Ketahanan Keluarga dari Perspektif Gender. Info Singkat Bidang Kesejahteraan Sosial Puslit BKD, XII, No. 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.59391
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 4882 | views : 3693Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Nindya Riana Sari, Sukamdi Sukamdi, Abdur Rofi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Volume 35 No 2 the Year 2021 for Volume 39 No 1 the Year 2025
ISSN 0215-1790 (print) ISSN 2540-945X (online)
Statistik MGI