Roehana Koeddoes’s Resistance to Dutch Colonialism in “Belenggu Emas” by Iksaka Banu

https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.62578

Rahmi Rahmayati(1*)

(1) Universitas Negeri Surabaya
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Despite being positioned as inferior by the colonial and patriarchal systems of the time, Indonesian women were involved in the resistance against Dutch colonization. Now recognized as national heroes, these women took part in the struggle by directly participating in fighting, or indirectly through social initiatives. Among them was Roehana Koeddoes, whose resistance is depicted in the short story, “Belenggu Emas”, by Iksaka Banu, wherein an indigenous woman from West Sumatra establishes a school dedicated to teaching women and a newspaper, Soenting Melajoe, published by and for women. This study aimed to represent Roehana Koeddoes’s resistance to Dutch colonialism in Banu’s story, using a qualitative method with a post-colonial theory approach. The results showed that Roehana Koeddoes’s resistance to Dutch colonialism was in the form of mimicry, hybridity, and ambivalence. The mimicry shown is the imitation of the colonial discourse regarding superiority of knowledge, education, ethics, and habits, as demonstrated by Roehana Koeddoes’ intellectual abilities in expressing her courage and opinion, through both her writings in the newspapers she owned and her activism as an educationalist and journalist, which inspired women across the Dutch East Indies, including Dutch women. Resistance in the form of hybridity occurs through spatial planning, which is indicated by the adoption of houses with Europeanstyle windows and the arrangement of living room corners that combine Eastern and Western cultures. Lastly, resistance in the form of ambivalence is shown by the attitude of the character, Roehana Koeddoes, who at equal times shows her eastern and western sides.

Keywords


ambivalence; hybridity; mimicry; resistance; the story of “Belenggu Emas”

Full Text:

PDF


References

Agustiningsih, Ema Pratama (2019). Pergerakan Perempuan di Minangkabau: Kiprah Rohana Kudus dalam Nasionalisme Tahun 1912-1972. Titian: Jurnal Ilmu Humaniora, 3(2), 268.

Aini, Indah (2016). Mimikri dalam Novel Die Brucke Vom Goldenen Horn Karya Emine Sevgi Ozdamar. Thesis. Yogyakarta. Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Asri, Iit Purnama (2020). Resistensi Tokoh Aku terhadap Kolonialisme di Musirawas dalam Novel Kepunan Karya Benny Arnas. Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 21(1), 47.

Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (2007). Postcolonial studies: The key concepts. Post-Colonial Studies: The Key Concepts, 1–355. https://doi.org/10.4324/978023777855

Baha’Uddin, et.al. (2010). Aisyiyah dan sejarah pergerakan perempuan Indonesia: sebuah tinjauan awal. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sejarah FIB UGM.

Bandel, K. (2013). Sastra Nasionalisme Pascakolonialitas. Jogjakarta: Pustaka Hariara.

Banu, I. (2019). Teh dan Pengkhianat. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia (KPG).

Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Location of Culture (Routledge Classics). In The location of culture. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203820551

Brown, Alicia (2016). Mimicry and Acceptance. A Journal of Caribbean Culture, 157-160.

Budianta, M. (2006). Budaya, Sejarah, dan Pasar, New Historicism dalam Perkembangan Kritik Sastra. Jurnal Sastra Dan Budaya, 2(3), 49.

Darwin, M. (2004). Gerakan Perempuan di Indonesia dari Masa ke Masa. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 7(3), 283.

Deliani, Nurfarida, et al. (2019). Gerakam Emansipasi Ruhana Kuddus dalam Memperjuangkan Kesetaraan Pendidikan Perempuan di Minangkabau. Humanisma: Journal of Gender Studies, 3(2), 172.

Dewojati, Cahyaningrum (2017). Ambivalensi dan Kuasa Perempuan Terjajah dalam Karina Adinda: Lelakon Komidie Hindia Timoer Dalem Tiga Bagian. Jurnal Atavisme, 20(1), 5.

Faruk (2001). Beyond Imagination, Sastra Mutakhir dan Ideologi. Yogyakarta: Gama Media.

Fitriyanti (2013). Roehana Koeddoes: Perempuan Menguak Dunia. Jakarta: Yayasan d’Nanti.

Gandhi, Leela (2019). Postcolonial Theory: A Critical Introduction (Second Edition). New York: Columbia University Press.

Hanani, Silfia (2018). Woman’s Newspapers as Minangkabau Feminist Movement Againts Marginalization in Indonesia. Jurnal GJAT, 8(2).

Herawati, Maimon, dkk. (2019). Global News In Colonial Era In Sunting Melayu Newspaper. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, VIII(9), 931-932.

Ilma, A. A. (2016). Representasi Penindasan Ganda dalam Novel Mirah dari Banda Berdasarkan Perspektif Feminisme Poskolonial. Poetika Journal, IV(1), 3–11.

Loomba, A. (2016). Kolonialisme/Pascakolonialisme. Yogyakarta: Narasi.

Nurgiyantoro, B. (2019). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Pradana, Bagus (2019, October 17). Iksaka Banu Kembali Juarai Kusala Sastra Khatulistiwa. Media Indonesia. Retrieved from https://mediaindonesia.com/
weekend/265960/iksaka-banu-kembali-jawaraikusala-sastra-khatulistiwa.

Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. New York: Pantheon Books.

Setiawan, R. (2018). Pascakolonial: Wacana, Teori, dan Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Gambang Buku Budaya.

Taufiqurrohman, M. (2018). Frantz Fanon Kebudayaan dan Kekuasaan. Yogyakarta: Resist Book

Taum,Yoseph Yapi (2017). Impala-impala Hindia Imperial Jathee dalam Perspektif Postkolonial Homi K. Bhabha. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebudayaan SINTESIS, 11 (2), 71.

Times, I. (2018). Melacak Jejak Rohana Kudus, Pionir Jurnalis Perempuan dari Koto Gadang. Jatim, IDN Times.

Triana, W. (2017). Perempuan dalam Gerakan Kebangsaan. Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT).

Vickers, A. (2005). A History of Modern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press.

Wibisono, A. (2018). Mimikri Sebagai Upaya Melawan dalam Novel Gadis Pantai Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Deiksis - Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 4(1), 37-43.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.62578

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 6680 | views : 3148

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2021 Humaniora

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.