Indonesian Interrogative Sentences: a Study of Forms and Functions

https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.22289

Lindawati Lindawati(1*)

(1) Universitas Andalas
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study examines Indonesian interrogative sentence problems by focusing on issues of forms and functions. The data used in this analysis are interrogative sentences in Indonesian language that are currently used in oral and in interethnic communication. This study used a pragmatic approach. Listening while observing (metode simak) is used at the stage of data collection. In the analysis phase, a structural analysis is used for the discussion of issues related to the form, and a contextual analysis method is used for the discussion of issues related to the function of interrogative sentence. The report was presented verbally. From the research, it can be formulated that interrogative sentences forming elements are either supra-segmental elements or segmental elements. Supra-segmental elements are intonation, and segmental elements are words, phrases, and particles. The elements were added to a clause to be the base of an interrogative sentence. Based on the response form provided by what the opponents said, interrogative sentences are grouped on the yes-no and information interrogative sentences. Yes-no interrogative sentences require an answer that contains a justification or denial of what is stated on the clause that is the basis for the formation of interrogative sentences.  Information interrogative sentences require an answer in the form of explanation. In communications, interrogative sentences are uttered not only to ask something, but they are also used to express a variety of speech act. Speech act that can be expressed by the interrogative sentences of Indonesian language are representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. Interrogative sentences are sometimes used in order to speak indirectly (indirect speech) to maintain politeness or otherwise stated expressive rudely.

Keywords


context, form, functions, interrogative, variation

Full Text:

PDF


References

Alisjahbana, Sutan Takdir (1983). Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.

Austin, J.L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. New York: Oxford University Press.

Brown, Gillian and George Yule (1983). Discourse Analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Chomsky, Noam (2002). Syntax Structure (2 nd Edition). Berlin: Mouton.

Djawanai. Stephanus (2009). “Telaah Bahasa Telaah Manusia”. Pidato Pengukuhan Jabatan Guru Besar dalam Ilmu Linguistik pada Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gajah Mada, tidak diterbitkan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya UGM Yogyakarta.

Djajasudarma T, Fatimah (1993). Metode Linguistik: Ancangan Metode Penelitiandan Kajian. Bandung: PT Eresco.

---------- (1999). Penalaran Deduktif Induktif dalam Wacana Bahasa Indonesia. Bandung: Cakrawala Baru Dunia Buku.

---------- (2003). Analisis Bahasa Sintaksis dan Semantik. Bandung: Uvula.

Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press.

---------- (2003). Analysing Discourse . New York: Routledge.

Fokker, A.A. (1979). Pengantar Sintaksis Indonesia. Terjemahan Jonhar.

Jakatra: Pradnya Paramita.

Halim, Amran (1974). Intonation in Relation to Syntax in Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Kridalaksana, Harimurti (1982). Fungsi Bahasa dan Sikap Bahasa. Ende Flores: Nusa Indah.

---------- (1985). TataBahasa Deskriptif Bahasa Indonesia: Sintaksis, Jakatra: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Lapoliwa, Hans (1990). Klausa Pemerlengkap dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.

Leech, Geoffrey N. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman.

Lindawati (2013) “Kalimat Tanya Bahasa Indonesia: Analisis Bentuk dan Fungsi”. Doctoral Dissertation. Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Linguistik. UGM.

Moeliono, Anton M dan Soenjono Dardjowidjoyo (ed.) (1988). Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.

Ramlan, M. (1983). Sintaksis. Yogyakarta: UP Karyono.

Samsuri (1985). Tata Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Sastra Hudaya.

Searle, J. (1982). What is a Speech Act. New York: Penguin Books.

Slametmuljana, R.B. 1957. Kaidah Bahasa Indonesia I dan II. Jakarta: Jambatan.

Sudaryanto (1988). Metode Linguistik. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Prees.

Tarmini, Wini (2008). “Kata Tanya dalam Konstruksi Interogatif Bahasa Indonesisa: Kajian Sintaksis dan Semantis”. Doctoral Dissertation. Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Sastra Universitas Pajajaran Bandung.

Verschueren, J. (1999). Understanding Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.

Wijana, I Dewa Putu (1981). “Kalimat Tanya dalam Bahasa Indonesia”. Bachelor Dissertation. Fakultas Sastra dan Kebudayaan.UGM.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.22289

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3869 | views : 3845

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2017 Humaniora

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.