Important Role of Mycorrhiza for Seed Germination and Growth of Dendrobium Orchids

https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.60805

Binti Tsulsiyah(1), Thoyibatul Farida(2), Cahya Lembayung Sutra(3), Endang Semiarti(4*)

(1) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Indonesia is a tropical country that has natural forests and is suitable for orchid species habitat, leading to more than 5,000 species of orchids grow. The tropical area is the main distribution centre for epiphytic orchids, one of which is Dendrobium, which grows more than 1,000 species throughout the world. Orchid seeds are very small and do not have an endosperm, making germination difficult in their natural habitat. Mycorrhizal association with orchids plays a role in the survival of orchids in nature through seed germination and growth. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding about the important role of mycorrhiza in seed germination and growth of Dendrobium. The mechanism of mycorrhizal association with orchids begins with the initial contact of the fungus with the orchid, hyphae enter the cortex cells to form peloton, peloton lysis, and exchange of nutrients occurs. Orchid mycorrhiza that mostly found groups in Dendrobium are Rhizoctonia (Epulorhiza, Tulasnella, Rhizoctonia). Mycorrhiza plays a role in increased secretion of phytohormone and enzyme activity which supports seed germination and growth of orchids. Specific mycorrhizal data on orchids can be used as an effort for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Indonesian orchids, including Dendrobium.


Keywords


conservation; Dendrobium; orchid mycorrhiza; seed germination

Full Text:

PDF


References

Chadburn, H. & Schuiteman, A, 2018, ‘Dendrobium lineale. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T119256882A119263048’, viewed 22 November 2020, from http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T119256882A119263048.en.

Chen, J. et al., 2012. Isolation and identification of endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi from seeds and roots of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). Mycorrhiza, 22(4), pp.297-307.

Chen, J. et al., 2014. Ultrastructure of symbiotic germination of the orchid Dendrobium officinale with its mycobiont, Sebacina sp. Australian Journal of Botany, 62(3), pp.229-234.

Dearnaley, J.D.W. et al., 2012, ‘Orchid Mycorrhizas: Molecular ecology, physiology, evolution and conservation aspects’, in B. Hock (ed.), Fungal associations, 2nd ed., pp.207-230, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Dearnaley, J.D.W. & Cameron, D.D., 2017. Nitrogen transport in the orchid mycorrhizal symbiosis – further evidence for a mutualistic association. New Phytologist, 213(1), pp.10-12.

Fochi, V. et al., 2017. Cell-specific expression of plant nutrient transporter genes in orchid mycorrhizae. Plant Science, 263, pp.39-45.

Freitas, E.F.S. et al., 2020. Diversity of mycorrhizal Tulasnella associated with epiphytic and rupicolous orchids from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including four new species. Scientific Reports, 10(1), pp.1-14.

Garcia, K. & Zimmermann, S.D., 2014. The role of mycorrhizal associations in plant potassium nutrition. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5(Juli), pp.1-9.

Hijri, M. & Bâ, A., 2018. Editorial: Mycorrhiza in Tropical and Neotropical Ecosystems. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9(308), pp.1-3.

Hoeve, O., 2020, ‘Dendrobium phalaenopsis care’, in ORCHIDEEËN HOEVE, viewed 29 September 2020, from https://www.orchideeenhoeve.com/care-tips-for-orchids/dendrobium-phalaenopsis/.

Jiang, J. H. et al., 2015. Characterization and colonization of endomycorrhizal Rhizoctonia fungi in the medicinal herb Anoectochilus formosanus (Orchidaceae). Mycorrhiza, 25(6), pp.431-445.

Juswara, L. et al., 2016. Four new orchid species from the Lengguru fold belt, West Papua, Indonesia. PhytoKeys, 61(1), pp.47-59.

Kaur, S., 2020, ‘Mycorrhiza in Orchids’, in J.-M. Mérillon & H. Kodja (eds.), Orchids Phytochemistry, Biology and Horticulture, pp. 1-14, Springer, New York.

Kusmana, C. & Hikmat, A., 2015. The Biodiversity of Flora in Indonesia. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 5(2), pp.187-198.

Liu, H. et al., 2010. Studies of mycorrhizal fungi of Chinese orchids and their role in orchid conservation in China-a review. The Botanical Review, 76(2), pp.241-262.

Mala, B. et al., 2017. Effect of germination media on in vitro symbiotic seed germination of three Dendrobium orchids. South African Journal of Botany, 112, pp.521-526.

Qin, J. et al., 2020. Similar mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with epiphytic and lithophytic orchids of Coelogyne corymbosa. Plant Diversity, 42(5), pp.362-369.

Sathiyadash, K., Muthukumar, T., Karthikeyan, V. & Rajendran, K., 2020, ‘Orchid mycorrhizal fungi: structure, function, and diversity’, in: S.M. Khasim et al. (eds.), Orchid biology: recent trends & challenges, pp. 239-280, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore.

Soelistijono, R. et al., 2020. Characterization of Rhizoctonia-like mycorrhizae associated with five Dendrobium species in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(3), pp.1007-1011.

Suryantini, R. et al., 2015. Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi: Identification of Rhizoctonia from West Kalimantan. Microbiology Indonesia, 9(4), pp.157-162.

Swangmaneecharern, P. et al., 2012. Promoting effect of orchid mycorrhizal fungi Epulorhiza isolates on seed germination of Dendrobium orchids. Scientia Horticulturae, 148, pp.55-58.

Wu, L.S. et al., 2020.Endophytic fungi, host genotype, and their interaction influence the growth and production of key chemical components of Dendrobium catenatum.Fungal Biology, 124(10), pp.864-876.

Xing, X. et al., 2013. Specificity and preference of mycorrhizal associations in two species of the genus Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). Mycorrhiza, 23(4), pp.317-324.

Xing, X. et al., 2017. Phylogenetic constrains on mycorrhizal specificity in eight Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) species. Science China Life Sciences, 60(5), pp.536-544.

Yeh, C. M. et al., 2019. New insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 9(3), pp.1-14.

Zhang, L. et al., 2012. Mycena sp., a mycorrhizal fungus of the orchid Dendrobium officinale.Mycological Progress, 11(2), pp.395-401.

Zhang, Y. et al., 2020. Effect of different mycobionts on symbiotic germination and seedling growth of Dendrobium officinale, an important medicinal orchid.Botanical Studies, 61(2), pp.1-10.

Zi, X.M. et al., 2014. In situ seed baiting to isolate germination-enhancing fungi for an epiphytic orchid, Dendrobium aphyllum (Orchidaceae). Mycorrhiza, 24(7), pp.487-499.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.60805

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3332 | views : 2508

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Editoral address:

Faculty of Biology, UGM

Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

ISSN: 2540-9581 (online)