Deteksi Brucella abortus dari Sampel Darah-Utuh dengan Uji Polymerase Chain Reaction Tanpa Ekstraksi DNA

David Ardiyanto; Hastari Wuryastuty; Raden Wasito

doi:10.22146/jsv.53506

Deteksi Brucella abortus dari Sampel Darah-Utuh dengan Uji Polymerase Chain Reaction Tanpa Ekstraksi DNA

https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.53506

David Ardiyanto^(1*), Hastari Wuryastuty⁽²⁾, Raden Wasito⁽³⁾

(1) Program Studi Sain Veteriner Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Patologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that cause a significant economic losses for cattle industries worldwide. A rapid, precise and accurate diagnosis technique for diagnosis of brucellosis in all stages of the infection is definitely required. Blood-samples are widely used for PCR-based DNA analysis because they are easily collected, handled, and processed. Direct PCR analysis without DNA extraction has been attempted to reduce time and costs for routine analysis. This approach is promising but is still limited by the presence of PCR inhibitors that is naturally found in the blood samples. The objective of this study was to compare the effectivity of direct PCR technique with or without DNA extraction for detection of Brucella abortus in the blood samples. Three whole-blood samples from brucella infected dairy cattle and five whole-blood samples from beef cattle that having abortion were used as samples in this study. A pair of bcsp31 primers and IS711 primers were used for amplification of genus-specific and species-specific of Brucella. The results showed that amplicon in the position of 223 bp and 498 bp that are specific for B. abortus were detected from all of the samples that were analyzed on 1.5% agarose gels. Based on the result it could be concluded that direct PCR analyses without DNA extraction is a sensitive, specific, simple, rapid and inexpensive assay for detecting B. abortus in the whole blood samples for either dairy or beef cattle and therefore it could improve the existing surveillance and control programs for brucellosis.

Keywords : brucellosis; direct PCR; PCR inhibitor; whole-blood sample; without DNA extraction

Abstrak

Brucellosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan bagi industri ternak di seluruh dunia. Teknik diagnosis yang cepat, tepat dan akurat yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis brucellosis pada semua tahap infeksi sangat diperlukan. Sampel darah banyak digunakan untuk analisis PCR berbasis DNA karena mudah untuk dikoleksi, ditangani, dan diproses. Metoda PCR langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA dikembangkan dengan tujuan penghematan waktu dan beaya untuk analisa secara rutin. Tehnik ini sangat menjanjikan tetapi memiliki keterbatasan karena adanya senyawa penghambat PCR yang secara alami terkandung di dalam sampel darah . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan efektifitas antara uji PCR secara langsung dengan ekstraksi dan tanpa ekstraksi DNA untuk deteksi Brucella abortus di dalam darah. Tiga ( 3 ) sampel darah-EDTA yang berasal dari sapi penderita brucellosis dan 5 sampel darah-EDTA dari sapi potong yang mengalami abortus digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pasangan primer bcsp31 dan primer IS711 untuk amplifikasi gen dan species specific digunakan dalam penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa amplikon/pita pada posisi 223 bp dan 498 bp yang spesifik untuk Brucella abortus terdeteksi dari semua sampel yang dianalisa dengan gel agarosa 1,5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji PCR secara langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA merupakan tehnik yang sensitif, spesifik, sederhana, cepat dan murah untuk deteksi B. abortus di dalam sampel darah baik sapi perah maupun sapi potong dan oleh karena itu diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki program kontrol dan survailance yang telah ada untuk brucellosis.

Kata kunci : brucellosis; PCR langsung; penghambat PCR; sampel darah-utuh; tanpa ekstraksi DNA

Keywords

brucellosis; direct PCR; PCR inhibitor; whole-blood sample; without DNA extraction

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.53506