Pengasuhan sebagai Mediator Nilai Anak dalam memengaruhi Kemandirian Anak dengan Down Syndrom
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate that parental care as a mediator for the value of children influenced the independence of children with down syndrome (DS). The subject of research were 57 children DS who have an IQ score at least 25, living with parents, have no motor disorders, both on the hands or feet. The research method used the quantitative method. The data analyzed with path analysis. Results of the study found that parental care was proven to be the mediator for the value of children in influenced the independence of children with DS.
Abstrak. Artikel ini merupakan bagian kecil dari disertasi penulis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah pengasuhan orang tua menjadi mediator bagi nilai anak di mata orang tua dalam memengaruhi kemandirian anak dengan down syndrome (DS). Subjek penelitian meliputi 57 anak dengan DS yang memiliki IQ minimal 25, tinggal dengan orang tua, tidak memiliki masalah sensori, tidak memiliki gangguan gerak, baik pada tangan maupun kaki. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis jalur sebagai teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pengasuhan orang tua terbukti menjadi mediator bagi nilai anak di mata orang tua dalam memengaruhi kemandirian anak dengan DS.Keywords
DOI: 10.22146/jpsi.34716
References
Aldridge, J. (2010). Promoting the independence of people with intellectual disabilities. Learning Disability Practice. 13(9), 31-36.
Atmoko, A. & Setiono, K. (2004). Nilai anak, identitas vokasional, dan gaya pengasuhan pada petani pesanggem di masyarakat pinggiran hutan Zoja Penyangga Taman Nasional Bromo-Tengger-Semeru: Studi perspektif psikologi perkembangan antargenerasi. Forum Penelitian: Jurnal Teori dan Praktek Penelitian Lemlit Universitas Negeri Malang. (Abstrak). Diakses dari http://library.um.ac.id/majalah/printmajalah4.php/29806.html pada tanggal 14 November 2013.
Azwar, S. (2012). Reliabilitas dan validitas. Edisi 4, cetakan II. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
Barry, A. (2002). Meg”s story. Down syndrome news and update. The Down Syndrome Educational Trust, 2(2). hal 65-69. Diakses dari http://www.down-syndrome.net/library/periodicals.dsnu/02/02/
Berns, R. M. (2007). Child, family, school, community: Socialization and support. 7th Edition. Canada: Thompson Wardsworth.
Boyd, D. & Bee, H. (2009). Lifespan development. Fifth Ed. Pearson International Edtition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Brown, R. (2004). Life for adults with down syndrome – an overview. Down Syndrome Issues and Information. Diakses dari http://www.down-syndrome.org/ infor mation/development/adults/. Pada tanggal 30 Maret 2012.
Creswell, J. W. (2010). Research design: Pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif dan mixed. Edisi ketiga. Diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Indonesia oleh Achmad Fawaid. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Dashif, C., Riley, B. H., Abdullatif, H. & Moreland, E. (2011). Parents experience supporting self management of middle adolescence with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatric Nursing, 37 (6), 304-310.
Dewanggi, M., Hastuti, D., & Hernawati, N. (2012). Pengasuhan orang tua dan kemandirian anak usia 3-5 tahun berdasarkan gender di kampung adat Urug. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen, 5(1), 19-28.
Dewi, W. C. (2013). Nilai anak pada ibu dewasa madya etnis Jawa ditinjau dari tingkat pendidikan. Calypta: Journal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya, 2(1).
Donkelaar, H. J. (2008). Child brain development. Dalam Child neuropsychology: Concepts, theory, and practice. Editor Jonathan Reed & Jodi Warner-Rogers. Singapore: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Gilmore, L., Cuskelly, M., Jobling, A. & Hayes, A. (2009). Maternal support for autonomy: Relationship with persistence for children with down syndrome and typically developing children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 1023-1033. Doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2009.02.005
Gormley-Flemming, L dan Campbell, A. (2011). Factors involved in young people’s decision about their health care. Nursing Children and Young People. 23(9), 19-22. doi: 10.7748/ ncyp2011. 11. 23.9.19.c8791
Hamonangan, A. (2007). Forum pembaca kompas: Jangan sisihkan anak-anak “down syndrome itu ... Edisi Kamis, 7 Agustus 2007, diakses pada tanggal 27 Mei 2008.
Holden, G. W. (2010). Childrearing and developmental trajectories: Positive pathways, off-ramps, and dynamic processes. Child Development Perspective, 4(3), 197-204.
Keller, M. A & Goldberg, W. A. (2004). Co-sleeping: Help or hindrance for young children’s independence? Infant and Child Development. 13, 369-388. Doi: 10.1002/icd.365.
Kerig, P. K. & Wenar, C. (2006). Developmental psychopathology: From infancy through adolescence. Fifth Ed. Mc Graw Hill, Boston.
Lim, A. P. A. (2010). From dependency to independency: The parenting journey in raising boys to become man and girls to become women. Journal of Youth Studies. 13(1), (Serial No.25).
Marsh, L., Caples, M., Dalton, C. & Drummond, E. (2010). Management of constipation. Learning Disability Practice. 13(4), 26-28.
Mash, E. J & Wolfe, D. A. (2010). Abnormal child psychology. Ed.4. California: Wadsworth, Inc.
Matson, J. L., Hattier, M. A., & Belva, B. (2012). Treating adaptive living skills of persons with autism using applied behavior analysis: A review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorder. 6(1), 271-276. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2011.05.008
Mayer, B. & Trommsdorff, G. (2010). Adolescents’value of children and their intention to have children: A cross cultural and multilevel analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 41(5-6), 671-689. doi: 10.1177/ 00220221103 72195
Mays, N. M. & Heflin, L. J. (2011). Increasing independence in self-care tasks for children with autism using self operated auditory promts. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorder, 5(4), 1354-1357.
Mill, A., Mayes, R., dan McConnell. (2009). Negotiating autonomy within the family: The experiences of young adults with intellectual disability. British Journal of Learning Disability. 38. 194-200. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156. 2009. 00575.x
Murtini. (2008). Penyesuaian diri siswa sekolah dasar ditinjau dari faktor eksternal dan internal. Disertasi (tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta.
Nauck, B. (2000). The changing value of children – a special action theory of fertility behavior ang intergenerational relationships in cross-cultural comparison. Paper dipresentasikan dalam seminar “Low Fertility, families and public policies”. Organized by the Europian Observatory on Familiy Matters in Sevilla, September 15-16.
Nauck, B. & Klaus, D. (2007). The varying value of children: Empirical result from eleven societies in Asia, Africa and Eropa. Current Psychology, 55(44), 487-503. Doi: 10.1177/ 0011392107 077634
Nunes, M. D. R. & Dupas, G. (2011). Independence of children with down syndrome: The experience of families. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem. July-Aug, 19(4), 985-993. www.eerp.usp.br/rlae
Park, S. & Cho, S. (2011). Factors associated with second childbirth intention: Focusing on value of children in Korean married women. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 29(3), 292-304. doi: 10.1080/ 02646838. 2011.593031
Prasanti, M. D. (2013). Nilai anak pada ibu dengan status sosial ekonomi tinggi ditinjau dari etnis Jawa. Calypta: Journal ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya, 2(1). doi: 10.24167/psiko.v15i2.988
Shogren, K. A., Wehmeyer, M. L., Palmer, S. B., Soukup, J. H., Little, T. D., Garner, N. & Lawrence, M. (2007). Examining individual and ecological predictors of the self-determination of students with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 73(4), 488-509.
Stright, A. D., Herr, M. Y. & Neitzel, C. (2009). Maternal scaffolding of children”s problem solving and children’s adjusment in kindergarten: Hmong families in the United States. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(1), 207-218. Doi: 10.1037/a0013154
Suparmi. (2017). Konsep dan model kemandirian anak dengan down syndrome. Disertasi. (Tidak diterbitkan). Yogyakarta: Program Doktor Ilmu Psikologi Fakultas Psikologi UGM.
Vooger-Lee, M. E. & Kupersmidt, J. B. (2011). Intervening in childhood social development. Dalam The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of childhood social development. Second Ed. Editor: peter K. Smith dan Craig H. Hart. UK: Wiley-Backwell, A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wehmeyer, M. L. (1999). A functional model of self-determination: Describing development and implementing instruction. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disablities. 14(1), 53-62. doi: 10.1177/ 10883 5769 901400107
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Psikologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.