Hubungan Persepsi Orang Tua terkait Dukungan Keluarga dengan Masalah Psikososial pada Anak dengan Leukemia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.67684

Evita Dwi Nastiti(1*), Itsna Luthfi Kholisa(2), Fitri Haryanti(3)

(1) Mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer. Leukemia and its treatment have side effects on the physical and psychosocial health of the sufferer, which are still rarely studied. Psychosocial problems in children with leukemia can affect care and treatment process. One of the factors that can influence psychosocial problems in children with leukemia is family support.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parents' perceptions of family support and psychosocial problems of children with leukemia in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Method: This was a descriptive-analytic research with a cross-sectional approach. Subjects were 43 children with leukemia aged 5-18 years and their parents who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria in this study were children with leukemia who were treated at RSUD Dr Moewardi, parents who in the past week treated children with leukemia, could speak Indonesian, and filled out informed consent. Parents' perceptions of family support were measured by the family support instrument and psychosocial problems were measured by the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC)-17. The analysis was carried out by Spearman Rank.
Result: Parents' perceptions of family support were 55,8% in the moderate category. The majority of leukemia children did not experience psychosocial problems (97,7%) however, 6 children experienced psychosocial problems in the internalization domain. There was no significant relationship between parents' perceptions of family support and psychosocial problems in children with leukemia as it showed p-value of 0,576 (p>0,05).
Conclusion: Parents' perceptions of family support is not corelated with psychosocial problems in children with leukemia in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Leukemia merupakan kanker yang paling banyak terjadi pada anak. Leukemia dan pengobatannya memberi efek samping bagi kesehatan fisik dan psikososial pasien anak yang saat ini masih jarang diteliti. Masalah psikososial pada anak leukemia dapat memengaruhi proses perawatan dan pengobatannya. Salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi masalah psikososial pada anak leukemia adalah pemberian dukungan keluarga.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi orang tua terkait dukungan keluarga dengan masalah psikososial anak leukemia di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian yaitu 43 anak leukemia berusia 5-18 tahun dan orang tuanya yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini antara lain, anak leukemia yang sedang menjalani perawatan di RSUD Dr Moewardi, orang tua yang dalam satu minggu terakhir merawat anak dengan leukemia, dapat berbahasa Indonesia dan mengisi informed consent. Persepsi orang tua terkait dukungan keluarga diukur dengan instrumen dukungan keluarga dan masalah psikososial diukur dengan Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC)-17. Analisis dilakukan dengan Spearman Rank.
Hasil: Persepsi orang tua terkait dukungan keluarga sebanyak 55,8% dalam kategori sedang. Mayoritas anak leukemia tidak mengalami masalah psikososial (97,7%). Namun, terdapat 6 anak yang mengalami masalah psikososial pada domain internalisasi. Hasil uji hubungan antara persepsi orang tua terkait dukungan keluarga dengan masalah psikososial anak leukemia menunjukkan hasil p-value 0,576 (p>0,05) yang berarti tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan.
Simpulan: Persepsi orang tua terkait dukungan keluarga tidak berhubungan dengan masalah psikososial anak leukemia di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.


Keywords


anak leukemia; dukungan keluarga; masalah psikososial

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.67684

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