Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Berat Badan Kurang pada Balita di Timor Leste

Ardhiles Wahyu Kurniawan; Rifzul Maulina; Anggelina Fernandes

doi:10.22146/jkesvo.69648

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Berat Badan Kurang pada Balita di Timor Leste

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.69648

Ardhiles Wahyu Kurniawan^(1*), Rifzul Maulina⁽²⁾, Anggelina Fernandes⁽³⁾

(1) Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan RS dr Soepraoen Malang
(2) Departemen Kebidanan, Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan RS dr. Soepraoen
(3) Instituto Superior Cristal, Timor Leste
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Berat badan kurang adalah indikator status nutrisi dan kesehatan balita yang buruk di sebuah negara. Pada tahun 2013 angka kejadian Stunting di Timor Leste tergolong tinggi sekitar 50,2% dibandingkan angka rata-rata untuk wilayah Asia Timur Pasifik yaitu 11,3%. Diantara anak balita yang mengalami stunting terdapat 38% yang memiliki berat badan kurang.

Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dengan berat badan kurang balita di Timor Leste.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional berdasarkan data sekunder Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) pada 13 Provinsi di Timor Leste tahun 2016. Sampel pada penelitian ini sejumlah 3.723 balita.

Hasil: Beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan berat badan rendah di Timor Leste adalah pendidikan Ibu (AOR = 0,50, 95% CI: 0,34-0,74), status gizi Ibu yang gemuk (AOR = 0,47, 95% CI:0,35-0,65) dan status gizi Ibu yang normal (AOR = 0,67, 95% CI: 0,55-0,81), jumlah kelahiran anak ≥ 7 (AOR = 1,67, 95% CI: 1,15-2,41), jenis kelamin anak perempuan (AOR 0,79, 95% CI: 0,67-0,94), kondisi ekonomi keluarga sangat kaya (AOR 0,66, 95% CI: 0,46-0,96), sumber air minum tidak higenis (AOR 1,37, 95% CI: 1,09-1,74)

Kesimpulan: Upaya perbaikan status gizi balita dapat melalui peningkatan pendidikan dan nutrisi Ibu, ekonomi keluarga serta perbaikan kualitas air.

Keywords

Balita; Berat Badan Kurang; Timor Leste

Full Text:

PDF

References

Adhikari, D. et al. (2017) ‘Factors Associated with Underweight among Under-Five Children in Eastern Nepal: Community-Based Cross-sectional Study.’, Frontiers in public health, 5, p. 350. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00350.

Akombi, B. J. et al. (2017) ‘Stunting, Wasting and Underweight in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.’, International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph14080863.

Aldana-Parra, F., Vega, G. O. and Fewtrell, M. (2020) ‘Associations between maternal BMI, breastfeeding practices and infant anthropometric status in Colombia; secondary analysis of ENSIN 2010’, BMC public health, 20(1), pp. 1–15.

Bhutia, D. T. (2014) ‘Protein energy malnutrition in India: the plight of our under five children’, Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 3(1), p. 63.

Black, R. E. et al. (2013) ‘Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries’, The lancet, 382(9890), pp. 427–451.

Bomela, N. J. (2009) ‘Social, economic, health and environmental determinants of child nutritional status in three Central Asian Republics’, Public health nutrition, 12(10), pp. 1871–1877.

Chatterjee, K. et al. (2016) ‘Social determinants of inequities in under-nutrition (weight-for-age) among under-5 children: a cross sectional study in Gumla district of Jharkhand, India’, International journal for equity in health, 15(1), pp. 1–9.

Chowdhury, M. R. K. et al. (2016) ‘Risk factors for child malnutrition in Bangladesh: a multilevel analysis of a nationwide population-based survey’, The Journal of pediatrics, 172, pp. 194–201.

Das, J. K. et al. (2020) ‘Effectiveness of interventions for managing acute malnutrition in children under five years of age in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, Nutrients, 12(1), p. 116.

Geberselassie, S. B. et al. (2018) ‘Prevalence of stunting and its associated factors among children 6-59 months of age in Libo-Kemekem district, Northwest Ethiopia; A community based cross sectional study.’, PloS one, 13(5), p. e0195361. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195361.

Hoddinott, J. et al. (2013) ‘Adult consequences of growth failure in early childhood’, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(5), pp. 1170–1178. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.064584.

Kanjilal, B. et al. (2010) ‘Nutritional status of children in India: household socio-economic condition as the contextual determinant’, International Journal for Equity in Health, 9(1), p. 19. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-9-19.

Kasaye, H. K. et al. (2019) ‘Poor nutrition for under-five children from poor households in Ethiopia: Evidence from 2016 Demographic and Health Survey’, PLOS ONE, 14(12), p. e0225996. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225996.

Kavosi, E. et al. (2014) ‘Prevalence and determinants of under-nutrition among children under six: a cross-sectional survey in Fars province, Iran.’, International journal of health policy and management, 3(2), pp. 71–76. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2014.63.

Kramer, C. V and Allen, S. (2015) ‘Malnutrition in developing countries’, Paediatrics and child health, 25(9), pp. 422–427.

Liu, L. et al. (2015) ‘Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000–13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis’, The Lancet, 385(9966), pp. 430–440.

Menon, P., Raabe, K. and Bhaskar, A. (2009) ‘Biological, programmatic and sociopolitical dimensions of child undernutrition in three states in India’, IDS Bulletin, 40(4), pp. 60–69.

Miletzki, J. and Broten, N. (2017) An Analysis of Amartya Sen’s: Development as Freedom. Macat Library.

Mishra, K. et al. (2014) ‘Risk factors for severe acute malnutrition in children below 5 y of age in India: a case-control study’, The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 81(8), pp. 762–765.

Prendergast, A. and Kelly, P. (2012) ‘Enteropathies in the developing world: neglected effects on global health’, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 86(5), pp. 756–763.

Provo, A. et al. (2017) ‘Malnutrition in Timor-Leste: A Review of the Burden, Drivers and Potential Response. 1 April. Washington, DC: The World Bank’.

Rahman, M. S. et al. (2016) ‘Association of Low-Birth Weight with Malnutrition in Children under Five Years in Bangladesh: Do Mother’s Education, Socio-Economic Status, and Birth Interval Matter?’, PloS one, 11(6), p. e0157814. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157814.

Sunsaneevithayakul, P. et al. (2014) ‘Relation between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes’, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 40(4), pp. 995–1001.

Tariq, J. et al. (2018) ‘Factors associated with undernutrition in children under the age of two years: secondary data analysis based on the Pakistan demographic and health survey 2012–2013’, Nutrients, 10(6), p. 676.

WHO. (2012) ‘Global database on child growth and malnutrition description’, URL:‘http://www. who. int/nutgrowthdb/en/’. Accessed September.

WHO. (2017) Double-duty actions for nutrition: policy brief. World Health Organization.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.69648