Analisis Health Belief Model dalam Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Ibu Hamil

Ratna Diana Fransiska; Dian Kusumaningtyas; Kentri Anggarina Gumanti

doi:10.22146/jkesvo.67465

Analisis Health Belief Model dalam Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Ibu Hamil

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.67465

Ratna Diana Fransiska^(1*), Dian Kusumaningtyas⁽²⁾, Kentri Anggarina Gumanti⁽³⁾

(1) Jurusan Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
(2) Jurusan Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
(3) Jurusan Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan kasus infeksi Covid-19 yang terus terjadi menimbulkan kekhawatiran, terutama pada ibu hamil yang termasuk dalam kelompok yang mudah terinfeksi. Pada ibu hamil, infeksi Covid-19 berisiko menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang lebih buruk dibandingkan populasi umum. Oleh karena itu, ibu hamil perlu melakukan upaya pencegahan agar tidak terinfeksi. Perlu adanya perubahan perilaku untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dalam upaya pencegahan Covid-19.

Tujuan: Mengetahui penerapan teori Health Belief Model dalam upaya mencegah transmisi Covid-19 pada ibu hamil di Kota Malang.

Metode: Penelitian analitik korelasional menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Partisipan dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dari 5 puskesmas di Kota Malang. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dari bulan November 2020 sampai dengan Januari 2021, dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur Health Belief Model dan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 pada ibu hamil.

Hasil: Persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keseriusan, isyarat untuk bertindak, dan persepsi manfaat memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan. Persepsi hambatan dan self-efficacy mempunyai pengaruh signifikan pada perilaku ibu hamil di Kota Malang dalam pencegahan Covid-19.

Kesimpulan: Komponen health belief model saling berhubungan satu sama lain dalam mempengaruhi perilaku ibu hamil melakukan pencegahan Covid-19, meskipun tidak semua signifikan secara statistik. Untuk itu diperlukan intervensi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menciptakan kesadaran yang berkelanjutan untuk mencegah Covid-19.

Keywords

Covid-19; Health Belief Model; ibu hamil

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.67465