Asupan zat gizi makro dan kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetik terhadap kadar HbA1c pada penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.70259

Rakhmi Aulia(1*), Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih(2), Emy Huriyati(3)

(1) Departemen Biostatistik, Epidemiologi, dan Kesehatan Populasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Farmakologi dan Terapi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Macronutrient intake and adherence to antidiabetic drugs on HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease whose prevalence continues to increase worldwide, including in Indonesia, due to lifestyle changes; DI Yogyakarta Province has the 2nd highest prevalence in Indonesia, and Sleman Regency is the largest. In the current era, the increasing number of diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled blood sugar levels or HbA1c levels are closely related to lifestyle changes, unhealthy eating patterns, and non-regularly taking medicine. Therefore, controlling blood sugar levels is vital in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between macronutrient intake and antidiabetic medication adherence on HbA1c levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 78 respondents using purposive sampling by filling out the SQ-FFQ and MMAS-8 questionnaires. The analysis used the Chi-Square test and logistic regression test.

Results: There was a significant relationship between carbohydrate intake, fat intake, and antidiabetic medication adherence with HbA1c (p<0,05), but there was no significant relationship between protein intake with HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus prolanis participants (p>0,05). The multivariate test results showed that carbohydrate intake, fat intake, antidiabetic medication adherence, and body mass index were simultaneously associated with HbA1c (p<0,05).

Conclusion: Carbohydrate, fat, and antidiabetic medication adherence were significantly associated with HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Keywords


antidiabetic medication adherence; carbohydrate intake; diabetes mellitus; fat intake; protein intake

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. WHO. Global report on diabetes. [series online] 2016 [cited 16 Maret 2023]. Available from: URL: https:/www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565257
  2. Internatonal Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas 8th edition. [series online] 2017 [cited 16 Maret 2023]. Available from: URL: https://diabetesatlas.org/atlas/eighth-edition/
  3. Infodatin Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Situasi dan analisis diabetes. [series online] 2014 [cited 16 Maret 2023]. Available from: URL: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/15021800007/situasi-dan-analisis-diabetes.html
  4. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman tahun 2020. [series online] 2020 [cited 16 Maret 2023]. Available from: URL: https://dinkes.slemankab.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Profil-Kesehatan-Sleman-2020.pdf
  5. PERKENI. Pengelolaan dan pengobatan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dewasa di Indonesia. [series online] 2019 [cited 16 Maret 2023]. Available from: URL: https://pbperkeni.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Pedoman-Pengelolaan-DM-Tipe-2-Dewasa-di-Indonesia-eBook-PDF.pdf
  6. Giorgino F, Bhana S, Czupryniak L, Dagdelen S, Galstyan GR, Raz I, et al. Management of patients with diabetes and obesity in the COVID-19 era: Experiences and learnings from South and East Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;172:108617. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108617
  7. Wiradarma I, Bardosono S, Soebardi S. Macronutrient intake and life style factors associated to HbA1c status in type-2 diabetic patients. World Nutrition Journal. 2018;1(2):53-8. doi: 10.25220/WNJ.V01i2.0008
  8. Shadman Z, KhoshniatM, Poorsoltan N, Akhoundan M, Omidvar M, Hoseini S, et al. Association of high carbohydrate versus high fat diet with glycated hemoglobin in high calorie consuming type 2 diabetics. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013;12:27. doi: 10.1186/2251-6581-12-27
  9. Annisa A. Hubungan asupan serat, asupan lemak, dan riwayat diabetes melitus keluarga dengan kadar Hba1c anggota klub prolanis dm tipe 2 di Kota Padang Tahun 2018 [Skripsi]. Padang: Universitas Andalas; 2018.
  10. Sontakke S. Evaluation of adherence to therapy in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Young Pharmacists. 2015;7(4):462-9. doi: 10.5530/jyp.2015.4s.8
  11. Usnaini L. Hubungan kepatuhan konsumsi obat antidiabetik terhadap kadar Hba1c pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat tahun 2019. Jurnal Kedokteran. 2020;5(2):69-79. doi: 10.36679/kedokteran.v5i2.224
  12. Strand E, Pedersen ER, Svingen GVT, Schartum-Hansen H, Rebnord EW, Nygård O, et al. Dietary intake of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction in coronary artery disease patients with or without diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med. 2013;11:216. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-216
  13. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2018.
  14. Edi IGMS. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pasien pada pengobatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento. 2015;1(1):1-8. doi: 10.36733/medicamento.v1i1.719
  15. Al-Majed HT, Ismael AE, Al-Khatlan HM, El-Shazly MK. Adherence of type-2 diabetic patients to treatment. Kuwait Med J. 2014;46(3):225-32.
  16. Rasdianah N, Martodiharjo S, Andayani TM, Hakim L. Gambaran kepatuhan pengobatan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia.2016;5(4):249-57. doi: 10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.4.249
  17. Mashrouteh M, Khanjani N. Evaluation of oral medication adherence and its related factors in type II diabetic patients in Iran: a systematic review. Int J Diabetes Res. 2017; 6(1):24-33. doi: 10.5923/j.diabetes.20170601.04
  18. Efriyanurika L. Hubungan status gizi, pengetahuan, kepatuhan diet, konsumsi zat gizi makro dan kadar HbA1c pada pasien diabetes melitus di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village [Tesis]. Jakarta: Universitas Esa Unggul; 2019.
  19. Boeing H, Weisgerber UM, Jeckel A, Rose HJ, Kroke A. Association between glycated hemoglobin and diet and other lifestyle factors in a nondiabetic population: cross-sectional evaluation of data from the Potsdam cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5):1115-22. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.5.1115
  20. Wati SH, Rodliah R. Asupan makanan dan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe II di RS Jatinegara. Binawan Student Journal. 2019;1(1):15-21.
  21. Haimoto H, Watanabe S, Komeda M, Wakai K. The impact of carbohydrate intake and its sources on hemoglobin A1c levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes not taking anti-diabetic medication. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2018;11:53-64. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S154839
  22. Zuniga YLM, Rebello SA, Oi PL, ZhengH, Lee J, Dam RMV, et al. Rice and noodle consumption is associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in an Asian population. Br J Nutr. 2014;111(6):1118-28. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513003486
  23. Hastuti P. Hubungan pola konsumsi karbohidrat sederhana dan karbohidrat kompleks dengan kadar Hb ALC pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di prolanis wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedawung 1 Kabupaten Srage [Disertasi]. Purwokerto: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman; 2019.
  24. Linder MC. Biokimia nutrisi dan metabolisme. Jakarta: UI-Press, Universitas Indonesia; 2016.
  25. Møller G, Sluik D, Ritz C, MikkiläV, Raitakari OT, Raben A, et al. A protein diet score, including plant and animal protein, investigating the association with HbA1c and eGFR—The PREVIEW Project. Nutrients. 2017;9(7):763. doi: 10.3390/nu9070763
  26. Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam jilid II edisi V. Jakarta: Interna Publishing; 2009.
  27. Gardiarini P, Sudargo T, Pramantara I, Dewa P. Hubungan antara kualitas diet, sosio-demografi, dan dukungan keluarga terhadap pengendalian gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Kanujoso Djatiwibowo (RSKD) Balikpapan. Gizi Indonesia. 2017;40(2):89-100. doi: 10.36457/gizindo.v40i2.237
  28. Putri AES, Larasati TA. Hubungan obesitas dengan kadar HbA1c pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Laboratorium Patologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Majority. 2013;2(4).
  29. Dian FY. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kadar gula darah pegawai di kantor wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2017 [Thesis]. Padang: Universitas Andalas; 2017.
  30. Wahyuningsih R. Penatalaksanaan diet pada pasien. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu; 2013.
  31. Presley B, Groot W, Pavlova M. Pharmacy-led interventions to improve medication adherence among adults with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2019;15(9):1057-67. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.09.021
  32. Hammad MA, Mohamed NDA, Syed SSA. The effect of patients’ adherence on HbA1c control. Archives of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research. 2017;1(1):30-5.
  33. Maya OV, Rika N, Susanti D. Scoping review: hubungan kepatuhan pengobatan dengan kadar HbA1c pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Prosiding Pendidikan Kedokteran. 2021;7(1):412-26.
  34. Solomon MA, Berhane Y, Worku A. Barriers to diabetes medication adherence in North West Ethiopia. Springerplus. 2014;3:195. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-195
  35. Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, Ward HJ. Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2008;10(5):348-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x
  36. Handayani D. Nutrition care process (NCP). Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu; 2015.
  37. Tegar F, Emaliyawati E, Rahayu U. Gambaran kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetes dan antihipertensif pada pasien diabetes melitus disertai hipertensi di Klinik Kesehatan Gereja St. Servasius Bekasi [Skripsi]. Bandung: Universitas Padjajaran; 2014.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.70259

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2436 | views : 2265

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats