Kualitas diet dan kontrol glikemik pada orang dewasa dengan diabetes melitus tipe dua

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.62815

Dodik Briawan(1*), Mahfuzhoh Fadillah Heryanda(2), Sudikno Sudikno(3)

(1) Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, Institut Pertanian Bogor
(2) Program Studi S1 Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon
(3) Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Diet quality and glycemic control in adults with type two diabetes mellitus

Background: As assessed by Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), diet quality is correlated with glycemic control through its effect on glucose-insulin homeostasis. Studies are evaluating the diet quality index in Indonesia, especially its relation to glycemic control in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are lacking. 

Objective: To analyze the association between diet quality and glycemic control T2DM in adults. 

Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study using data from "Cohort study of non-communicable disease risk factors" in 2016 by the Indonesia Ministry of Health. Hundred and five (105) subjects diagnosed with T2DM, aged 25-65, were recruited in this study. A 24-hour dietary recall was collected, and a diet quality index referred to the USA adapted AHEI-2010 was assessed. The portion of food components was modified based on the Indonesian Dietary Guidelines. Glycemic control was evaluated according to fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2-hours-post-75-g glucose load (2h-PG). Spearman correlation test was applied in this analysis. 

Results: A mean age of subjects was 51 years, and 77.1% out of 105 subjects were women. Mean value of FBG 123.5 and 2h-PG 228.9 mg/dL. The total score of AHEI was 53.8. There was not a significant correlation between the total score of AHEI with FBG (r= -0.079) and 2h-PG (r= -0.069) (p>0.05). However, there was a significant association between the fruits score and 2h-PG (r= -0.224) (p<0.05). Most of the subjects consumed fruits containing low-moderate fructose, such as bananas, oranges, papayas. 

Conclusions: In T2DM, there was no significant association between the total score of current diet quality and poor glycemic control, except for the fruits component.


Keywords


adults; diabetes mellitus; diet quality; Indonesian healthy eating index

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.62815

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