Konsumsi zat gizi dan parameter lemak tubuh pada wanita umur lebih dari 40 tahun

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.41403

Kadek Tresna Adhi(1*), Ni Ketut Sutiari(2), Dinar SM Lubis(3), Ni Putu Widarini(4), I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra(5)

(1) Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar-Bali
(2) Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar-Bali
(3) Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar-Bali
(4) Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar-Bali
(5) Center for Public Health Innovation, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar-Bali
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Food intake and body fat parameter among women older than 40 years old in Denpasar

Background: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia tends to increase, particularly among women older than 40 years old.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the associations between nutrient consumption and parameters of body fat among women in Denpasar.

Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The population was women aged older than 40 years old in Denpasar with sampled population were members Dharma Wanita PDAM Kota Denpasar. Eighty out of 200 women were selected through systematic random sampling method. Variables collected in this study included women’s characteristics, nutrient consumption, and body fat parameters: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Analysis of the relationship between nutrient consumption and body fat parameters using the Spearman Rank correlation.

Results: This study found that the majority aged 41-50 years (83.8%), were Balinese  (95.0%), have married  (98.8%), did not use contraception (65.0%), completed higher education (63.8%), worked in informal sector (60.0%), had low income (65.0%), had no history of obesity (80.0%) and no family with degenerative diseases (73.8%). Based on the body fat parameters, most of the women were obese based on BMI (52.5%), WC (70.0%), and WHR (57.5%) categories. There was a significant association between fiber consumption and waist circumference (p=0.021).

Conclusions: There was an association between fiber consumption and waist circumference, thus having a balanced and varied diet is recommended to prevent obesity and reduce risk factors for degenerative diseases.


Keywords


BMI; nutrient consumption; waist circumference; WHR; women

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Caballero B. The global epidemic of obesity: an overview. Epidemiol Rev. 2007;29(1):1-5. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxm012
  2. World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000.
  3. Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2010.
  4. Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2013.
  5. Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Balitbangkes; 2019.
  6. Karastergiou K, Smith SR, Greenberg AS, Fried SK. Sex differences in human adipose tissues – the biology of pear shape. Biol Sex Differ. 2012;3(1):13. doi: 10.1186/2042-6410-3-13.
  7. Blaak E. Gender differences in fat metabolism. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2001;4(6):499-502. doi: 10.1097/00075197-200111000-00006
  8. Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng SW. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutr Rev. 2012;70(1):3-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00456.x
  9. Shils ME, Shike M. Modern nutrition in health and disease. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
  10. Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan Provinsi Riskesdas 2013: Provinsi Bali. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2013.
  11. Diana R, Yuliana I, Yasmin G, Hardinsyah H. Faktor risiko kegemukan pada wanita dewasa Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan. 2013;8(1):1-8. doi: 10.25182/jgp.2013.8.1.1-8
  12. Wiardani NK, Sugiani PPS, Gumala NMY. Konsumsi lemak total, lemak jenuh, dan kolesterol sebagai faktor risiko sindroma metabolik pada masyarakat perkotaan di Denpasar. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia. 2011;7(3):107-14. doi: 10.22146/ijcn.17751
  13. Haryati MT, Syamsianah A, Handarsari E. Hubungan konsumsi makanan sumber lemak, karbohidrat dan aktivitas fisik dengan rasio lingkar pinggang panggul (RLPP) pada pengemudi truk PO. Agm Kudus. Jurnal Gizi. 2014;3(2):1-9.
  14. Bray GA, Popkin BM. Dietary fat intake does affect obesity! Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68(6):1157-73. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/68.6.1157
  15. Miller WC, Lindeman AK, Wallace J, Niederpruem M. Diet composition, energy intake, and exercise in relation to body fat in men and women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52(3):426-30. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/52.3.426
  16. Heitmann BL, Lissner L, Sørensen TI, Bengtsson C. Dietary fat intake and weight gain in women genetically predisposed for obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61(6):1213-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1213
  17. Gibson RS. Principles of nutritional assessment. USA: Oxford University Press; 2005.
  18. Fatmah F, SKM MS. Gizi usia lanjut. Jakarta: Erlangga; 2010.
  19. Lemeshow S, Hosmer DW, Klar J, Lwanga SK. Besar sampel dalam penelitian kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada Univ; 1997.
  20. World Health Organization. Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio: report of a WHO expert consultation. [series online] 2009 [cited 2018 Nov 27]. Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/obesity/WHO_report_waistcircumference_and_waisthip_ratio/en/
  21. World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight: WHO fact sheet. [series online] 2015 [cited 2018 Nov 27]. Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
  22. World Health Organization-Regional Office for the Western Pacific. The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. [series online] 2000 [cited 2018 Nov 27]. Available from: URL: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/206936
  23. Egger G, Swinburn B. An" ecological" approach to the obesity pandemic. BMJ. 1997;315(7106):477-80. doi: 10.1136/bmj.315.7106.477
  24. Suastika K. Update in the management of obesity. Acta Med Indones. 2006;38(4):231-7. Pi‐Sunyer FX. The obesity epidemic: pathophysiology and consequences of obesity. Obes Res. 2002;10(S2):97S-104S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2002.202
  25. Pi‐Sunyer FX. The obesity epidemic: pathophysiology and consequences of obesity. Obes Res. 2002;10(S12):97S-104S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2002.202
  26. Trisna I, Hamid S. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan obesitas sentral pada wanita dewasa (30-50 tahun) di Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping tahun 2008. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas. 2009;3(2):68-71.
  27. Chang C-J, Wu C-H, Yao W-J, Yang Y-C, Wu J-S, Lu F-H. Relationships of age, menopause and central obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factors in Chinese women.
  28. Teixeira Teles Gonçalves J, Fagundes Silveira M, Cecília Costa Campos M, Helena Rodrigues Costa L. Overweight and obesity and factors associated with menopause. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(12):1699-704. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801457
  29. Supariasa D, Bakri B, Fajar I. Penilaian status gizi. Jakarta: EGC; 2013.
  30. Nurmalina R. Pencegahan dan manajemen obesitas. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo; 2011.
  31. Anderson JW, Baird P, Davis RH, Ferreri S, Knudtson M, Koraym A, et al. Health benefits of dietary fiber. Nutr Rev. 2009;67(4):188-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00189.x
  32. Ulum M, Bahar H. Analisis asupan zat gizi makro, serta dan obesitas pada pre lansia usia 45-54 tahun di wilayah Jawa dan Bali (analisis data Riskesdas 2010). Nutrire Diaita. 2014;6(1):6-13.
  33. Rizqiya F, Syafiq A. Asupan serat sebagai faktor dominan obesitas perempuan pralansia. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Yayasan RS Dr. Soetomo. 2019;5(1):6-17. doi: 10.29241/jmk.v5i1.152
  34. Bhurosy T, Jeewon R. Overweight and obesity epidemic in developing countries: a problem with diet, physical activity, or socioeconomic status? ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:964236. doi: 10.1155/2014/964236
  35. Anderson B, Lyon-Callo S, Fussman C, Imes G, Rafferty AP. Fast-food consumption and obesity among Michigan adults. Prev Chronic Dis. 2011;8(4):A71.
  36. Satoto SK, Darmojo B, Tjokroprawiro A, Kodyat BA. Kegemukan, obesitas dan penyakit degeneratif: epidemiologi dan strategi penanggulangannya. Prosiding Widya Karya Pangan dan Gizi VI; 1998; Jakarta.
  37. Zheng W, McLerran DF, Rolland B, Zhang X, Inoue M, Matsuo K, et al. Association between body-mass index and risk of death in more than 1 million Asians. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(8):719-29. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1010679
  38. Muljati S, Triwinarto A, Widodo Y, Salimar S. Kontribusi energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat dan serat menurut kelompok bahan makanan yang dikonsumsi pada rumah tangga yang memiliki anggota rumah tangga obesitas. Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan. 2010;33(1):59-71.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.41403

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4398 | views : 5824

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats