Kondisi lingkungan fisik dan lama waktu bermain di luar rumah dengan kegemukan pada anak prasekolah

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.22929

Ika Agustina(1*), I Made Alit Gunawan(2), Madarina Julia(3)

(1) PKPU Human Initiative Balikpapan
(2) Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito / Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity in Yogyakarta Municipality has increased in recent years. The built environment of which are not designed properly may limit the time for children's outdoor activity.

Objective: This study tried to investigate the links between parents perceptions of their built environment with outdoor playing time and obesity among preschool children in Yogyakarta Municipality.

Method: This is a case-control study. Cases were identified as obese preschoolers (Z score based on W / H> 2 SD) and controls were children who were not obese (Z score based on W / H ≤ 2 SD) and matched by sex and age. Data were collected in the Yogyakarta Municipality. Samples were selected using multistage sampling method. The sample of cases and controls were 101 people (1: 1), respectively. conditional logistic regression statistical tests were performed to identify the risk factors for preschool obesity.

Results: Children who did not play outdoors enough time were at higher risk of becoming obese (OR = 2,27, CI (1,14-4,62)); Built environment seems to be a modifier for outdoor playing time that will impact the odds of obesity among preschool children.

Conclusion: Preschool children who played outdoor less than 2 hours had a higher risk of becoming obese. Outdoor playing time was associated with built environment.


Keywords


built environment; obesity; outdoor playing time; preschool

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Puska P, Nishida C, Porter D. Obesity and overweight. Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health. Geneva: WHO Media Centre; 2003.
  2. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C. Rising burden of obesity in Asia. Obesity 2010;2010.
  3. Balitbangkes. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2013. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI; 2013.
  4. Addesa DD, Addezio LD, Martone D, Censi L, Scanu A, Cairella G, et al. Dietary intake and physical activity of normal weight and overweight / obese adolescents. Hindawi Int J Pediatr 2010;2010:13–5.
  5. Chan CMS, Deave T, Greenhalgh T. Obesity in Hong Kong Chinese preschool children: where are all the nurses? J Pediatr Nurs 2010;25(4):264–73.
  6. Zenk SN, Powell LM. US secondary schools and food outlets. Health Place 2008;14(2):336–46.
  7. Brockman R, Jago R, Fox KR. The contribution of active play to the physical activity of primary school children. Prev Med 2010;51(2):144–7.
  8. Cradock AL, Kawachi I, Colditz G, Gortmaker SL, Buka SL. Neighborhood social cohesion and youth participation in physical activity in Chicago. Soc Sci Med 2009;68(3):427–35.
  9. Gill T. Nothing ventured: balancing risks and benefits in the outdoors. Prevention. England: English Outdoor Council; 2010.
  10. Burdette HL, S M, Whitaker RC, H MP. Neighborhood playgrounds, fast food restaurants, and crime : relationships to overweight in low-income preschool children. Prev Med (Baltim) 2004;38:57–63.
  11. Carver A, Timperio A, Crawford D. Playing it safe : The influence of neighbourhood safety on children ’ s physical activity — A review. Heal Place 2008;14:217–27.
  12. Tolbert R, Brooks-gunn J, Mclanahan S. Young children in urban areas : Links among neighborhood characteristics, weight status, outdoor play, and television watching. Soc Sci Med 2011;72(5):668–76.
  13. Dahl A, Stigsdotter UK, Cosco NG. Urban forestry & urban greening adults’ motivation for bringing their children to park playgrounds. Urban For Urban Green 2012;11(4):396–405.
  14. Marino AJ, Fletcher EN, Whitaker RC, Anderson SE. Amount and environmental predictors of outdoor playtime at home and school: a cross-sectional analysis of a national sample of preschool-aged children attending Head Start. Health Place 2012;18(6):1224–30.
  15. Stone MR, Faulkner GEJ. Outdoor play in children: associations with objectively-measured physical activity, sedentary behavior and weight status. Prev Med (Baltim) 2014;65:122–7. A
  16. Gleave J, Cole-Hamilton I. A world without play : A literature review [Internet]. Revised Ja. Russell the journal of the bertrand russell archives. London: Play England; 2012.
  17. Balitbangkes. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2010. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI; 2010.
  18. Dinkes DIY. Profil kesehatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2012. DI Yogyakarta: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi D.I Yogyakarta; 2013.
  19. IAP. Indonesia most liveable city index 2011. Djonoputro B, Prasetyo I, Argo TA, Muljanto D, Muttaqin D, editors. Ikatan Ahli Perencanaan Indonesia. Jakarta: Ikatan Ahli Perencanaan Indonesia; 2009.
  20. Widiyanto D, Rijanta R. Lingkungan kota layak anak ( child-friendly city ) berdasarkan persepsi orangtua di Kota Yogyakarta. Bumi Lestari J Environ 2013;12(2):211–6.
  21. Kasjono HS, Yasril. Teknik sampling untuk penelitian kesehatan. Sleman: Graha Ilmu; 2009.
  22. Grafova IB. Overweight children: assessing the contribution of the built environment. Prev Med (Baltim) 2008;47(3):304–8.
  23. Ohri-vachaspati P, Lloyd K, Delia D, Tulloch D, Yedidia MJ. A closer examination of the relationship between children ’ s weight status and the food and physical activity environment. Prev Med (Baltim) 2013;57(3):162–7.
  24. Anggraini S. Faktor risiko obesitas pada anak taman kanak- kanak di Kota Bogor. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2008.
  25. Dwyer GM, Hardy LL, Peat JK, Baur LA. The validity and reliability of a home environment preschool-age physical activity questionnaire ( Pre-PAQ ). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011;1–14.
  26. Ding D. Neighborhood environment walkability scale – youth ( NEWS-Y ). Parent Version 2009;213–8.
  27. Gama A, Mour I, Padez C. Perceptions of neighborhood environments and childhood obesity : evidence of harmful gender inequities among Portuguese children. Health Place 2013;19:69–73.
  28. Timperio A, Salmon J, Ball K. Evidence-based strategies to promote physical activity among children, adolescents and young adults: review and update. J Sci Med Sport 2004;7(1 Suppl):20–9.
  29. Villanueva K, Giles-corti B, Bulsara M, Mccormack GR, Timperio A, Middleton N, et al. How far do children travel from their homes ? Exploring children ’ s activity spaces in their neighborhood. Health Place 2012;18(2):263–73.
  30. Pastadita IKR. Faktor risiko obesitas antenatal dan postnatal pada anak 2 - 5 tahun di Kodya Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2011.
  31. Kimbro RT, Brooks-Gunn J, McLanahan S. Young children in urban areas: links among neighborhood characteristics, weight status, outdoor play, and television watching. Soc Sci Med 2011;72(5):668–76.
  32. Cleland V, Crawford D, Baur L. A prospective examination of children’s time spent outdoors, objectively measured physical activity and overweight. Int J Obes 2008;32:1685–93.
  33. Watanabe M, Nakamura K, Fukuda Y, Takano T. Association of parental and children behaviors with the health status of preschool children. Prev Med (Baltim) 2006;42(4):297–300.
  34. Forsyth A, Oakes JM, Schmitz KH, Hearst M. Does residential density increase walking and other physical activity ? Urban Stud 2007;44(4):679–97.
  35. Oreskovic NM, Kuhlthau KA, Romm D, Perrin JM. Built environment and weight disparities among children in high- and low-income towns. Acad Pediatr 2009;9(5):315–21.
  36. Lavin Fueyo J, Totaro Garcia LM, Mamondi V, Pereira Alencar G, Florindo AA, Berra S. Neighborhood and family perceived environments associated with children’s physical activity and body mass index. Prev Med (Baltim) 2015;82:35–41.
  37. Haese SD, Timperio A, Veitch J, Cardon G, Dyck D Van, Salmon J. Neighborhood perceptions moderate the association between the family environment and children ’ s objectively assessed physical activity. Health Place 2013;24:203–9.
  38. Christian H, Giles-corti B, Knuiman M, Timperio A, Foster S. The influence of the built environment , social environment and health behaviors on body mass index. Results from RESIDE. Prev Med (Baltim) 2011;53(1–2):57–60.
  39. Foster S, Knuiman M, Hooper P, Christian H, Giles-Corti B. Do changes in residents’ fear of crime impact their walking? longitudinal results from RESIDE. Prev Med (Baltim) 2014;62:161–6.
  40. Tandon P, Grow HM, Couch S, Glanz K, Sallis JF, Frank LD, et al. Physical and social home environment in relation to children’s overall and home-based physical activity and sedentary time. Prev Med (Baltim) 2014;66:39–44.
  41. Hulst A Van, Gauvin L, Kestens Y, Barnett TA. Neighborhood built and social environment characteristics : a multilevel analysis of associations with obesity among children and their parents. Int J Obes 2013;37(10):1328–35.
  42. Foster S, Villanueva K, Wood L, Christian H, Giles-corti B. The impact of parents ’ fear of strangers and perceptions of informal social control on children ’ s independent mobility. Health Place 2014;26:60–8.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.22929

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2916 | views : 2579

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats