* Corresponding Author
SUPLEMENTASI CRUDE ENZIM PAPAIN DALAM PAKAN PEMBESARAN IKAN BERONANG, Siganus guttatus
https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.9149 Usman Usman(1*), Asda Laining(2), Erik Sutikno(3)
(1) Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros
(2) Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros
(3) Balai Besar Budidaya Air Payau, Jepara
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
In intensive fi sh farming, feed costs can reach up to 70% of the total cost production, so that its effi ciency needs to be improved. The aims of this study were to improve fi sh growth rate and feed effi ciency for rabbit fi sh grow-out through supplementation of crude papain enzyme in the feed. Test fi sh were juvenile of rabbitfi sh, Siganus guttatus, with average initial weight of 40±3.5 g. Fish were stocked in 12 of 1×1×2 m3 fl oating net cages with density of 16 fi sh/cage. As dietary treatments were different dosages of crude papain enzyme namely (A) 0%, (B) 0.0125%, (C) 0.025%, and (D) 0.050%. The rabbitfi sh were fed to satiation in the morning and afternoon for 120 days. The results showed that specifi c growth rate, survival rate of the fi sh, feed effi ciency, protein effi ciency ratio, and the level of feed intake were not signifi cantly different (P>0.05) among treatments. However, there was a tendency that increasing of supplementation level of crude papain enzyme in diets, fi sh growth rate, feed effi ciency, and protein effi ciency ratio also increased.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Almeide, D.L.C., L.M. Lundstedt & G. Moraes. 2006. Digestive enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on different levels of protein and lipid. Aquaculture Nutrition,12: 443–450.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) International. 1999. Offi cial Methods of Analysis, 16th edn. Gaithersberg, Maryland, USA. 1141 pp.
Farhangi, M. & C.G. Carter. 2007. Effect of enzyme supplementation to dehulled lupin-based diets on growth, feed effi ciency, nutrient digestibility and carcass composition of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture Resesearch, 38:1274-1282.
Guerreiro, I., H. Peres, M. Castro-Cunha & A. Oliva-Teles. 2012. Effect of temperature and dietary protein/lipid ratio on growth performance and nutrient utilization of juvenile Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). Aquaculture Nutrition, 18: 98−106.
Halver, J.E. & R.W. Hardy. 2002. Nutrient fl ow and retention. In: Halver, J.E and Hardy, R.W, editors. Fish Nutrition. New York: Academic Press, p. 755−770.
Harris, E. 2006. Akuakultur berbasis “Trophic Level”: Revitalisasi untuk ketahanan pangan, daya saing ekspor dan kelestratian lingkungan. Orasi Ilmiah Guru Besar tetap Ilmu Akuakultur, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. 65 hal.
Jobling, M. 2001. Nutrient partitioning and the infl uence of feed composition on body composition. In Houliha, D., Boujard, T., and Jobling, M. (eds). Food Intake in Fish. Blackwell Science, Ltd. London. p.354−371.
Lee, S.M., S.H. Cho & K.D. Kim. 2000. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth and body composition of juvenile fl ounder Paralichthys olivaceus. J. World Aquac. Soc., 31, 306–315.
Li, W., X.Q. Zhou, L. Feng, Y. Liu & J. Jiang. 2010. Effect of dietary ribofl avin on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and intestinal enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio, var Jian). Aquaculture Nutirition, 16: 137–143.
Lin, S., K. Mai, & B. Tan. 2007. Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets on growth and feed utilization in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus x O. Aureus. Aquaculture Research, 38: 1645−1653.
Midelan, A, & T. Redding. 2000. Environmental Management for Aquaculture. Kluwer Akademic Publishers, Netherlands. 223. pp
Morken, T., O.F. Kraugerud, M. Sorensen, T. Storebakken, M. Hillestad, R. Christiansen & M. Overland. 2012. Effects of feed processing condition and acid salts on nutrient digestibility and physical quality of soybased diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar). Aquaculture Nutrition, 18:21−34.
NRC (National Research Council). 1993. Nutrient Requirement of Fish. National Academy Press, Washington. D.C. 114 pp.
Ozorio, R.O.A., L.M.P. Valente, S. Correia, P. PousaoFerreira, A. Damasceno-Oliveira, C. Escorcia, C., & A. Oliva-Teles. 2009. Protein requirement for maintenance and maximum growth of twobanded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) juveniles. Aquaculture Nutrition, 15: 85−93.
Parazo, M.M. 1990. Effect of dietary protein and energy level on growth, protein utilization and carcass composition of rabbitfish, Siganus guttatus. Aquaculture, 86: 41−49
Projas, P., A. Albalat, E. Santigosa, J. Perez-Sanches, S.J. Kaushik, J. Gutierrez, & I. Navarro. 2009. Dietary effects on insulin and glucagon plasma levels in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus). Aquaculture Nutrition, 15: 166−176.
Schulz, C., U. Knaus, M. Wirth & B. Rennert. 2005. Effect of varying dietary fatty acid propile on growth performance, fatty acid, body and tissue composition of juvenile pike perch (Sander lucioperca). Aquaculture Nutrition, 11: 403−413.
Singh, P., S. Maqsood, M.H.Samoon, V. Phulia, M. Danish & R.S. Chalal. 2011. Exogenous supplementation of papain as growth promoter in diet of fi ngerlings of Cyprinus carpio. International Aquatic Research, 3: 1−9.
Steel, R.G.D. & J.H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. Alih bahasa: Bambang Sumantri. Gramedia Pusaka Utama, Jakarta. 748 hal.
Usman, Kamaruddin & A. Laining. 2013. Performansi pertumbuhan ikan beronang, Siganus guttatus, yang diberi pakan hasil fermentasi. Makalah telah dipresentasikan pada Seminar Nasional Kelautan IX, di Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, Tanggal 24 April 2014. Laporan Hasil Penelitian Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros, 8 hal.
Yildirim, Y.B. & F. Turan. 2010a. Growth and feed utilization of tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) fed diets containing supplementary enzymes. The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture – Bamidgeh, 62(3):139−145.
Yildirim, Y.B. & F. Turan. 2010b. Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets on growth and feed utilization in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9(2): 327−331.
Yousif, O,M., M.F. Osman, A.A. Anawhi & T. Cherian. 1996. Optimum protein-to-energy ratio for two size groups of rabbitfi sh, Siganus canaliculatus (Park). Aquaculture nutrition, 2: 229−233.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.9149
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2010
| 
views : 3825
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (print ISSN 0853-6384; online ISSN 2502-5066) is published by Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with Semnaskan UGM (Seminar Nasional Tahunan Hasil Perikanan dan Kelautan) and ISMFR (International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries Research).
View My Stats