Antibacterial Analysis of the Ethanol Extract of Gonggong Snail (Strombus canarium) against Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

The study aims to analyze the use of antibacterial ethanol extract of gonggong snail (Strombus canarium) against pathogenic bacteria and analyzing bioactive compounds in gonggong snails for the development of marine aquaculture. The research method is an experimental method, performed in vitro, using a completely
randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The subjects of research that pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio sp., C. perfringens, and Aeromonas sp.). The object of research is D1 gonggong snail extract 12.5%; D2 gongong snail extract 25%; D3 gonggong snail extract 50%; C4 gonggong snail extract 100%, ethanol D5 and D6 amosiklav discs (antibiotic chloramphenicol). Phytochemical screening test that alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids) from the ethanol extract of the gonggong snail. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test to determine the significance of the difference in diameter between the various treatments inhibitory region. The results showed that as many as 20 of the gonggong snail with morphometric body length size range of between 43.9 to 56.0 mm, the average length of 52.74 mm and a total weight of 16.21 grams on average. Results of research ethanol extract of gonggong snail is treated discs amoxiclav have inhibition (clear zone) highs against the bacterium Vibrio sp. (diameter 1.80 to 12.40 mm), A. hydrophila (diameter 4.78 to 21.37 mm) and C. perfringens (diameter 1.50 to 6.80 mm). Class of bioactive compounds of alkaloids and saponins identified in the ethanol extract of gonggong snail and class of bioactive compounds of flavanoid, steroids, and triterpenoids is not identified in the ethanol extract of gonggong snails. The results of the measurement of environmental quality parameters in waters around the coast of Bintan Island Village Senggarang still in good condition and has not been contaminated. This enables to support life gonggong snail (S. canarium). The ethanol extract of gonggong snails has the antibacterial activity that can be used to overcome the attacks of pathogenic bacteria in the development of marine aquaculture.