Pemberian Berbagai Level Air dan Pengaruhnya Pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai  ( Glycine max  (L) Merr) Varietas Grobogan

Yusthian Hendra Mahardika; Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak

doi:10.22146/veg.76102

Pemberian Berbagai Level Air dan Pengaruhnya Pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merr) Varietas Grobogan

https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.76102

Yusthian Hendra Mahardika⁽¹⁾, Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak^(2*)

(1)
(2) UKSW
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Faktor ketersediaan air tanah menjadi faktor pembatas pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai level kadar air tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai varietas Grobogan. Tata letak penelitian dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri atas 4 perlakuan pemberian air sebanyak kadar air tanah 25% kapasitas lapang (P1), kadar air tanah 50% kapasitas lapang (P2), kadar air tanah 75% kapasitas lapang (P3), kadar air tanah 100% kapasitas lapang (P4). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 6 kali. Data penelitian terdiri atas prolin daun, stress index (SI), tinggi tanaman, berat kering tanaman, jumlah polong per tanaman dan berat biji per hektar. Data dianalisis dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata (BNJ) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Pemberian air mempengaruhi produksi prolin, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai varietas Grobogan. Akumulasi prolin dalam tanaman semakin meningkat ketika tingkat cekaman kekurangan air semakin tinggi. Pemberian air 75% kapasitas lapang mengakibatkan cekaman kekeringan tanaman kelas rendah, sedangkan tinggi tanaman kedelai, bahan kering tanaman, jumlah polong, dan berat gabah tidak berbeda nyata dengan pemberian air 100% kapasitas lapang. Pemberian air 50% kapasitas lapang mengakibatkan cekaman kekeringan tanaman kelas sedang dan secara nyata menurunkan tinggi tanaman. Pemberian air 25% kapasitas lapang mengakibatkan cekaman kekeringan tanaman kelas tinggi dan pada kondisi demikian terjadi penurunan secara nyata pada tinggi tanaman, berat kering tanaman, jumlah polong dan berat biji per hektar serta terjadi penurunan hasil hingga 69% jika dibandingkan dengan pemberian air 100% kapasitas lapang.

Keywords

air tanah; berat butir; kapasitas lapang; kedelai; prolin

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.76102