_.png){kind=logo}
* Corresponding Author
The Prevention of Peatland Fires in Indonesia: ‘Law in Action’ to Implement the ASEAN Haze Treaty
https://doi.org/10.22146/ikat.v5i1.65027 Myrna A Safitri(1*)
(1) Faculty of Law Pancasila University Jakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Signed in 2002, the ASEAN Haze Treaty is expected to reduce transboundary haze pollution and improve regional environmental governance. Indonesia plays a vital role in the implementation of the Treaty's goals. It has the largest forest and peatland area in Southeast Asia. Yet, its repeated forest and land fires had often caused transboundary pollution. Since 2016 the Indonesian Government has improved its national laws and strengthened institutional aspects of peatland protection. The peatland ecosystem is essential because it is prone to burning. Unfortunately, few studies describe how these policy changes have impacted fire prevention in degraded peatland ecosystems. This article scrutinizes the political factors behind the legal and institutional changes in Indonesia's peatland governance during 2016-2020. The theory of legal culture becomes the primary reference in this regard. This article then identifies six predominant factors in peatland law improvement: strong leadership, improved coordination at the national and sub-national levels, making operational directives, establishing a specialized Government institution dealing with peatland restoration, law enforcement, and the strength of civil society in doing public oversight.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
ASEAN Environment Division. (2016). ASEAN Programme on Sustainable Management of Peatland Ecosystems 2014-2020.Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat.
Astuti, R. (2020, February 19). Fixing flammable Forest: The scalar politics of peatland governance and restoration in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 61(2), 283-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.12267.
Badan Restorasi Gambut dan Mangro. (2020). Gambut Basah adalah Anugrah: 5 Tahun Kerja BRG RI. Jakarta: BRGM RI.
Biancalani, R., & Avagyan, A. (2014). Towards climate-responsible peatlands management. Rome: Food and Agiculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
Chamorro, A., Minnemeyer, S., & Sargent, S. (2017, February 16). Exploring Indonesia's Long and Complicated History of Forest Fires. Retrieved from World Resources Institute : https://www.wri.org/insights/exploring-indonesias-long-and-complicated-history-forest-fires
Clarke, D., & Rieley, J. (2010). Strategy for Responsible Peatland Management. Jyväskylä: International Peatland Society.
Fernandez, M. N. (2017, May 31). Pengusaha Tekankan PP No.57/2016 Bisa Ganggu Iklim Usaha. Retrieved from Bisnis.com:https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20170531/99/658261/pengusaha-tekankan-pp-no.572016-bisa-ganggu-iklim-usaha
Gan, M., Choo, A., Leng, K. Y., & Sharif, N. (2020). SIIA Haze Outlook (Issue June). Singapore: Singapore Institute of International Affairs
Glauber, A. J., Moyer, S., Magda, A., Adriani, M., & Gunawan, I. (2016). The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis. Jakarta: The World Bank.
Glover, D., & Jessup, T. (2006). Indonesia's Fires and Haze: The Cost of Catastrophe. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies; International Development Research.
Heilmann, D. (2015). After Indonesia's Ratification: The ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution and its Effectiveness as a Regional Environmental Governance Tool. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs , 95-121. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F186810341503400304.
Hergoualc'h, K., Atmadja, S., Carmenta, R., Martius, C., Murdiyarso, D., & Purnomo, H. (2018). Managing peatlands in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities for local and global communities. CIFOR Info Brief, 205, https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/006449.
Kann, D. (2020, January 16). Last year was the second-hottest in recorded history, NASA says. Retrieved from CNN: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/15/world/2019-global-temperatures-heat-climate-change-nasa-noaa/index.html
Lee, J. S., Jaafar, Z., Tan, A. K., Carrasco, L. R., Ewing, J. J., Bickford, D. P., . . . Koh , L. P. (2016, January 2016). Toward clearer skies: Challenges in regulating transboundary haze in Southeast Asia. Environmental Science & Policy, 55(1), 87-95.
Michaels, R. (2012). Legal Culture. In J. Basedow, K. J. Hopt, R. Zimmermann, & A. Stier, Max Planck Encyclopedia of European Private Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ministry for the Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia. (2019). CORRECTIVE ACTION ON PEATLAND MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: Toward Sustainable Peatland Ecosystem. Jakarta: Ministry for the Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia.
Ministry for the Environment and Forestry. (2020). Rencana Strategis KLHK Tahun 2020-2024. Jakarta: Ministry for the Environment and Forestry.
Muamar, & Utari, A. S. (2020). Pengaruh Penghapusan Asas Strict Liability dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja terhadap Masif Deforestasi di Indonesia. Kertha Negara, 8(12), 1-12.
Muhanda, A. D. (2017, May 11). Keberatan PP Gambut, APHI Riau Surati Presiden Jokowi. Retrieved from Bisnis.com: https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20170511/99/652719/keberatan-pp-gambut-aphi-riau-surati-presiden-jokowi
Nurhidayah, L., & Lipman, Z. (2017, March). REDD+ and forest fires: Implications for the legal and policy forest fire management framework in Indonesia. Environmental and Planning Law Journal, 34(3), 251-267.
Putra, E. N., & Prasetyo, Y. (2020, November 23). UU Cipta Kerja 2020 hilangkan perlindungan korban kejahatan lingkungan. Retrieved from The Conversation: https://theconversation.com/uu-cipta-kerja-2020-hilangkan-perlindungan-korban-kejahatan-lingkungan-149361
Safitri, M. A. (2018). Peatland Restoration and Transboundary Haze Pollution: Law and Institutional Change in Indonesia. Proceeding of International Conference on Law, Environment, Culture and Globalization, 1(1), 59-70.
Santosa, M. A., & Putra, J. D. (2016, April). Enhancement of Forest and Peatland Governance in Indonesia. Indonesia Journal of International Law, 13(3), 344-352. https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol13.3.654.
Syahza, A., Suswondo, Bakce, D., Nasrul, B., Wawan, & Irianti, M. (2020). Peatland Policy and Management Strategy to Support Sustainable Development in Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1655(1), https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1655/1/012151.
Syarifah, N., Arsil, Jebabun, A., Sati, N. I., Yosefin, M., & Kurniawan, A. T. (2020). Laporan Kajian Putusan Perkara Lingkungan Hidup: Enhancement of Human Rights and Environmental Protection in Training and Policy in the Judicial Process in Indonesia. Jakarta: Lembaga Kajian dan Advokasi Independensi Peradilan (LeIP).
Varkkey, H. (2017). In 3 Years We Would Have Solved This”: Jokowi, ASEAN And Transboundary. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 8(3), https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.2017.0049.277-295.
Wahyunto, & Suryadiputra, I. N. (2008). Peatland Distribution in Sumatra and Kalimantan- explanation of its data sets including source of information, accuracy, data constraints and gaps. Bogor: Wetlands International – Indonesia Programme.
Ward, C., Stringer, L. C., Warren-Thomas , E., Agus, F., Hamer, K., Pettorelli, N., Hill, J. K. (2020, February 7). Wading through the swamp: what does tropical peatland restoration mean to national-level stakeholders in Indonesia? Restoration Ecology, 28(4), 817-827. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13133.
Widyastuti, R. A. (2021, July 12). Terkini Bisnis: Ojol Terimbas PPKM Darurat, Menkes Jelaskan Vaksinasi Berbayar. Retrieved from Tempo: https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1482539/terkini-bisnis-ojol-terimbas-ppkm-darurat-menkes-jelaskan-vaksinasi-berbayar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ikat.v5i1.65027
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1627
| 
views : 1623
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Myrna A Safitri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.