Identification of Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly during Earthquake in Southern Java Island using Google Earth Engine Datasets

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.68247

Alfi Nur Rusydi(1*), Ferryati Masitoh(2)

(1) Department of Information System, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Indonesia
(2) Department of Geography, Universitas Negeri Malan, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The certainty of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly during earthquakes in Java Island was still not clear identified. This research tried to identify any possibilities of SST anomaly during earthquake in Southern Java Island. It used Google Earth Engine datasets including daily NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI): Sea Surface Temperature Version 2 which has resolution of 0.25 arc degrees for 20 years and processed them to depict SST trends in pre-earthquake and post-earthquake situation. The statistic test of t-Test Paired Two Sample was also applied to certain the significant difference of SST in both situations. SST fluctuation during the earthquake was still inconsistent and unclear to consider as an anomaly. There were other complicated factors excluding earthquake to influence SST fluctuation. The earthquake did not trigger directly to fluctuate SST, even not to make it being an anomaly.


Keywords


earthquake; Google Earth Engine; SST; sea surface; temperature

Full Text:

PDF


References

Akhoondzadeh, M. (2013). A comparison of classical and intelligent methods to detect potential thermal anomalies before the 11 August 2012 Varzeghan, Iran, earthquake (M w 6.4). Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 13(4), 1077–1083. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1077-2013

Bhardwaj, A., Singh, S., Sam, L., Joshi, P. K., Bhardwaj, A., Martín-Torres, F. J., & Kumar, R. (2017). A review on remotely sensed land surface temperature anomaly as an earthquake precursor. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 63, 158–166. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2017.08.002

Blackett, M., Wooster, M. J., & Malamud, B. D. (2011). Exploring land surface temperature earthquake precursors: A focus on the Gujarat (India) earthquake of 2001. Geophysical Research Letters, 38(15), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048282

Choudhury, S., Dasgupta, S., Saraf, A. K., & Panda, S. (2006). Remote sensing observations of pre-earthquake thermal anomalies in Iran. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(20), 4381–4396. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600851827

Cicerone, R. D., Ebel, J. E., & Britton, J. (2009). A systematic compilation of earthquake precursors. Tectonophysics, 476(3–4), 371–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.06.008

Clayson, C. A., Brown, J., & NOAA CDR Program. (2016). NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Sea Surface Temperature - WHOI, Version 2. NOAA National Climatic Data Center. https://doi.org/doi:10.7289/V5FB510W

Efimov, V. V, & Barabanov, V. S. (2017). Anomalies of the Black Sea surface temperature and modeling of intense cold anomaly formation in September 2014. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 53(3), 343–351. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433817030057

Eneva, M. (2008). Eneva M., D. Adams, N. Wechsler, Y. Ben-Zion, and O. Dor, Thermal Properties of Faults in Southern California from Remote Sensing Data, Final Report to NASA, 2008.

Freund, F. T. (2003). Rocks that crackle and sparkle and glow: Strange pre-earthquake phenomena. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 17(1), 37–71.

Genzano, N., Filizzola, C., Paciello, R., Pergola, N., & Tramutoli, V. (2015). Robust Satellite Techniques (RST) for monitoring earthquake prone areas by satellite TIR observations: The case of 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake (Taiwan). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 114, 289–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.02.010

Guan, L., & Kawamura, H. (2004). Merging satellite infrared and microwave SSTs: Methodology and evaluation of the new SST. Journal of Oceanography, 60(5), 905–912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-005-5782-5

Harig, S., Immerz, A., Weniza, Griffin, J., Weber, B., Babeyko, A., Rakowsky, N., Hartanto, D., Nurokhim, A., Handayani, T., & Weber, R. (2020). The Tsunami Scenario Database of the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS): Evolution of the Coverage and the Involved Modeling Approaches. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 177(3), 1379–1401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-019-02305-1

Hosoda, K. (2010). A review of satellite-based microwave observations of sea surface temperatures. Journal of Oceanography, 66(4), 439–473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-010-0039-3

Jie, Y., & Guanmeng, G. (2013). Preliminary analysis of thermal anomalies before the 2010 Baja California M7.2 earthquake. Atmosfera, 26(4), 473–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0187-6236(13)71089-0

Khalili, M., Abdollahi Eskandar, S. S., & Alavi Panah, S. K. (2020). Thermal anomalies detection before Saravan earthquake (April 16th, 2013, M W = 7.8) using time series method, satellite, and meteorological data. Journal of Earth System Science, 129(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1286-3

Kiselev, B. V. (2016). Studying randomness and determinism in surface temperature anomaly indices using the recurrence plot method. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 52(1), 33–36. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433816010059

Kopnichev, Y. F., & Sokolova, I. N. (2018). Characteristics of Seismicity in the Areas of Large Water Reservoirs and Waterfalls: The Role of Effects from Additional Load and Permanent Vibration. Seismic Instruments, 54(2), 230–238. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0747923918020081

Ma, W., Ma, W., Zhao, H., & Li, H. (2008). Temperature changing process of the Hokkaido (Japan) earthquake on 25 September 2003. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 8(5), 985–989. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-8-985-2008

Marfai, M. A., King, L., Singh, L. P., Mardiatno, D., Sartohadi, J., Hadmoko, D. S., & Dewi, A. (2008). Natural hazards in Central Java Province, Indonesia: An overview. Environmental Geology, 56(2), 335–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-1169-9

Ouzounov, D., Liu, D., Chunli, K., Cervone, G., Kafatos, M., & Taylor, P. (2007). Outgoing long wave radiation variability from IR satellite data prior to major earthquakes. Tectonophysics, 431(1), 211–220. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.05.042

Pasari, S., Simanjuntak, A. V. H., Mehta, A., Neha, & Sharma, Y. (2021). The Current State of Earthquake Potential on Java Island, Indonesia. Pure and Applied Geophysics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02781-4

Pavlidou, E., van der Meijde, M., van der Werff, H., & Hecker, C. (2016). Finding a needle by removing the haystack: A spatio-temporal normalization method for geophysical data. Computers and Geosciences, 90, 78–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.02.016

Pavlidou, E., van der Meijde, M., van der Werff, H., & Hecker, C. (2019). Time series analysis of land surface temperatures in 20 earthquake casesworldwide. Remote Sensing, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010061

Pulinets, S. A., Ouzounov, D., Karelin, A. V, Boyarchuk, K. A., & Pokhmelnykh, L. A. (2006). The physical nature of thermal anomalies observed before strong earthquakes. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 31(4), 143–153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2006.02.042

Qiang, Z., Dian, C., Li, L., Xu, M., Ge, F., Liu, T., Zhao, Y., & Guo, M. (1999). Satellitic thermal infrared brightness temperature anomaly image-short-term and impending earthquake precursors. Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences, 42(3), 313–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02878968

Rogachev, K. A., Carmack, E. C., & Salomatin, A. S. (2000). Strong Tidal Mixing and Ventilation of Cold Intermediate Water at Kashevarov Bank, Sea of Okhotsk. Journal of Oceanography, 56(4), 439–447. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011132507144

Shetty, A., Umesh, P., & Shetty, A. (2021). An exploratory analysis of urbanization effects on climatic variables: a study using Google Earth Engine. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-021-01157-w

Shi, Y., Wu, K., Zhu, X., Yang, F., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Study of relationship between wave transport and sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the tropical Pacific. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 35(9), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-016-0928-4

Subrahmanyam, M. V. (2015). Impact of typhoon on the north-west Pacific sea surface temperature: A case study of Typhoon Kaemi(2006). Natural Hazards, 78(1), 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1733-7

Tamiminia, H., Salehi, B., Mahdianpari, M., Quackenbush, L., Adeli, S., & Brisco, B. (2020). Google Earth Engine for geo-big data applications: A meta-analysis and systematic review. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 164(March), 152–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.04.001

Tronin, A. A. (2000). Thermal IR satellite sensor data application for earthquake research in China. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 21(16), 3169–3177. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160050145054

Tüfekçi, K., & Akman, A. Ü. (2005). Monitoring the turbidity and surface temperature changes and effects of the 17 August 1999 earthquake in the İzmi̇t Gulf, Turkey by the Landsat TM/ETM data. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 108(1–3), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-3959-4

USGS-NEIC. (2020). Search Earthquake Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey‐National Earthquake Information Center.

Xiong, P., & Shen, X. (2017). Outgoing longwave radiation anomalies analysis associated with different types of seismic activity. Advances in Space Research, 59(5), 1408–1415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.12.011

Zhigalin, A. D., Zav’yalov, A. D., Mindel’, I. G., Nikonov, A. A., Popova, O. G., Rogozhin, E. A., Ruzaikin, A. I., & Sevost’yanov, V. V. (2014). The phenomenon of the Sea of Okhotsk Earthquake of May 24, 2013, in Moscow. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 84(4), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331614040054



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.68247

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1633 | views : 980

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Alfi Nur Rusydi, Ferryati Masitoh, Tasya Salsabila Adzkiya

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)

ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)

Web Analytics IJG STATISTIC