Alumina Extraction from Red Mud by Magnetic Separation

Suprapto Suprapto; Zahrotul Istiqomah; Eko Santoso; Ahmad Anwarud Dawam; Didik Prasetyoko

doi:10.22146/ijc.25102

Alumina Extraction from Red Mud by Magnetic Separation

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.25102

Suprapto Suprapto⁽¹⁾, Zahrotul Istiqomah⁽²⁾, Eko Santoso⁽³⁾, Ahmad Anwarud Dawam⁽⁴⁾, Didik Prasetyoko^(5*)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
(5) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Alumina extraction from red mud has been investigated by magnetic separation with three-step treatment. First, the addition of red mud with Na₂CO₃(12 wt%) and heated at 110 °C for 4 h. The second step was carbon reduction using coal with mass ratio of (red mud+Na₂CO₃) : coal was 1:3 then roasted at temperature of 850, 950, and 1050 °C for 1, 2, and 3 h. The third step was magnetic separation. The magnetic separation was carried out in order to remove magnetite produced during roasting process. Magnetic and non-magnetic phases obtained were characterized by XRD and SEM-EDX techniques. The non-magnetic phase obtained was leached using HCl 6 M, and then aluminum content was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). The result revealed that the highest aluminum oxide extracted from the red mud was 20.66 wt% obtained by roasting at temperature of 1050 °C for 2 h.

Keywords

red mud; magnetic separation; alumina

Full Text:

Full Text PDF

References

[1] Li, G., Liu, M., Rao, M., Jiang, T., Zhuang, J., and Zhang, Y., 2014, Stepwise extraction of valuable components from red mud based on reductive roasting with sodium salts, J. Hazard. Mater., 280, 774–780.

[2] Zhong, L., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, Y., 2009, Extraction of alumina and sodium oxide from red mud by a mild hydro-chemical process, J. Hazard. Mater., 172 (2-3), 1629–1634.

[3] Li, X., Wei, X., Wei, L., Liu, G., Peng, Z., Zhou, Q., and Qi, T., 2009, Recovery of alumina and ferric oxide from bayer red mud rich in iron by reduction sintering, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 19 (5), 1342–1347.

[4] Liu, Y., and Naidu, R., 2014, Hidden values in bauxite residue (red mud): Recovery of metals, Waste Manage., 34 (12), 2662–2673.

[5] Raspopov, N., Korneev, V., Averin, V., Lainer, Y.A., Zinoveev, D., and Dyubanov, V., 2013, Reduction of iron oxides during the pyrometallurgical processing of red mud, Russ. Metall., 2013 (1), 33–37.

[6] Cengeloglu, Y., Kir, E., Ersoz, M., Buyukerkek, T., and Gezgin, S., 2003, Recovery and concentration of metals from red mud by donnan dialysis, Colloids Surf., A, 223 (1-3), 95–101.

[7] Li, Y., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, B., and Luan, Z., 2011, Feasibility study of iron mineral separation from red mud by high gradient superconducting magnetic separation, Physica C, 471 (3-4), 91–96.

[8] Liu, Y., Zhao, B., Tang, Y., Wan, P., Chen, Y., and Lv, Z., 2014, Recycling of iron from red mud by magnetic separation after co-roasting with pyrite, Thermochim. Acta, 588, 11–15.

[9] Sahoo, P., and Sahoo, A., 2014, Hydrodynamic studies on fluidization of red mud: CFD simulation, Adv. Powder Technol., 25 (6), 1699–1708.

[10] Jamieson, E., Jones, A., Cooling, D., and Stockton, N., 2006, Magnetic separation of Red Sand to produce value, Miner. Eng., 19 (15), 1603–1605.

[11] Tang, H., Sun, W., Hu, Y., and Han, H., 2016, Comprehensive recovery of the components of ferritungstite base on reductive roasting with mixed sodium salts, water leaching and magnetic separation, Miner. Eng., 86, 34–42.

[12] Zhu, D., Chun, T., Pan, J., and He, Z., 2012, Recovery of iron from high-iron red mud by reduction roasting with adding sodium salt, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 19 (8), 1–5.

[13] Ramdhani, E.P., Wahyuni, T., Ni’mah, Y.L., Suprapto, S., and Prasetyoko, D., Extraction of alumina from red mud for synthesis of mesoporous alumina by adding CTABr as mesoporous directing agent, Indones. J. Chem., In Press.

[14] Samouhos, M., Taxiarchou, M., Pilatos, G., Tsakiridis, P.E., Devlin, E., and Pissas, M., 2017, Controlled reduction of red mud by H₂ followed by magnetic separation, Miner. Eng., 105, 36–43.

[15] Sun, Y., Han, Y., Gao, P., Wang, Z., and Ren, D., 2013, Recovery of iron from high phosphorus oolitic iron ore using coal-based reduction followed by magnetic separation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 20 (5), 411–419.

[16] Widiyati, C., and Poernomo, H., 2005, Stabilization of dry sludge of liquid waste of leather treatment by using fly ash, Indones. J. Chem., 5 (1), 36–40.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.25102