THE DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM CONDITION FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ALKYL MONOETHANOLAMIDE FROM PALM KERNEL OIL

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21859

Hilyati Hilyati(1*), Wuryaningsih Wuryaningsih(2), M. Nasir(3), Tasrif Tasrif(4), T. Beuna(5)

(1) Pusat Penelitian Kimia –LIPI, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK-Serpong
(2) Pusat Penelitian Kimia –LIPI, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK-Serpong
(3) Pusat Penelitian Kimia –LIPI, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK-Serpong
(4) Pusat Penelitian Kimia –LIPI, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK-Serpong
(5) Pusat Penelitian Kimia –LIPI, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK-Serpong
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Synthesis of alkyl monoethanolamide from palm kernel oil was done by two steps reaction that are esterification and amidation. The esterification, that is the reaction between palm kernel oil and methanol with mole ratio of 1:3 using acid catalyst (H2SO4) 4 % at temperature 60 OC for two hours, results in methyl ester palm kernel oil. The methyl ester product was produced by amidation reaction on any variation of time, temperature, catalyst, catalyst concentration and ratio of the reactan. The best result of the synthesis (amide conversion of 98.15 %) was obtained at temperature of 160 OC for 6 hours with mole ratio of methyl ester palm kernel oil to ethanol amine (ratio of the reactan) 1:1 using KOH catalyst 0.5 % and H2SO4 catalyst 0.5 %.


Keywords


alkyl mono ethanol amide; surfactant; palm kernel oil; esterification; methyl ester; emulsifier

Full Text:

Full Text Pdf


References

[1] Nuryanto, E., 1996, Pembuatan Senyawa N-Etanolalkil Amida dari Asam Lemak Sawit, Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, 4(1) 37-45.

[2] Anonim, 1999, Pola Pengembangan Industri Oleokimia di Indonesia, Direktorat Industri Kimia Organik dan Agrokimia Direktorat Jendral Industri Kimia, Argo dan Hasil Hutan, Departemen Perindustrian dan Perdagangan, Jakarta.

[3] Cherez, C., Oleochemical (Coco Diethanol-amide), website : http//www.chemrez.com

[4] Kirk-Othmer, 1996, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol 2, 346-356

[5] Yuliasari, Guritno, R.P., dan Herawan, T., 1997, Asam Lemak Sawit Distilasi Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Sabun Transparan, Indonesian J. Oil Palm Res., 5(3), 205 213.

[6] Hilyati, Wuryaningsih, Irawan, Y., dan Astrini, N., 2001, Proses Transesterfikasi Minyak Jarak Sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel, Laporan Teknis Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI Jakarta.

[7] Darmoko, D dan Cheryan, M., 2000, J. Am. Oil Chem.Soc, 77912, 1269 – 1272.

[8] Parella, J.E., and Komar, J., 2003, Alkanolamides, US Patent no 6.531.443.

[9] Feairheller, S.H., Bistline Jr., R..G., and Bilyk, A., 1994, JAOCS, 71, 8, 863-866



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21859

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1696 | views : 1957


Copyright (c) 2010 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Web Analytics View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.