Secondary metabolite profiling of four host plants leaves of wild silk moth Attacus atlas L.

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.25822

Lisna Hidayati(1), Tri Rini Nuringtyas(2*)

(1) Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Secondary metabolites may affect insect herbivores’ host plant preferences. Attacus atlas L. larvae are known have a wider variety of host plants compared with other members of the Attacus genus. This research compared the metabolic profiles of four A. atlas host plants: keben (Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz), dadap (Erythrina lithosperma Miq.), gempol (Nauclea orientalis L.), and soursop (Annona muricata L.). Leaves were collected from Sawit Sari Research Station, Yogyakarta. Terpenoid was extracted by macerating the leaves in ethyl acetate and subjecting them to GC-MS analysis, while alkaloid, tannin, and flavonoid were extracted through percolation. Total alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids were measured using spectrophotometric analysis. Multivariate data analysis using PAST ver. 3.0 was performed on the GC-MS data. Based on the PCA scatter plot of the GC-MS data, keben leaves were clustered separately from the other three leaves by PC1. Dadap and gempol leaves were clustered together due to the phytol content while caryophyllene was detected only in soursop leaves. Neophytadiene was detected in all of the leaves, suggesting that this terpenoid may serve as a signal to locate the host plants. Keben leaves contained the lowest alkaloids and highest tannins and flavonoids compared with the other leaves. These secondary metabolites may determine the host plant suitability for culturing the A. atlas.

Keywords


Attacus atlas L.; GC-MS; host plants; secondary metabolites

Full Text:

PDF


References

Akai, H. 1997. Recent aspects of wild silk moths and silk research. Paper in seminar of cooperative prospects of Yogyakarta-Kyoto. Yogyakarta: UGM Center of Japanese Studies.

Arimura, G.I., Matsui, K., and Takabayahi, J. 2009. Chemical and molecular ecology of herbivore-induced plant volatiles: proximate factors and their ultimate functions. Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 911–23.

Chang, C.-C., Yang, M.-H., Wen, H.-M., Chern, J.-C. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J. Food Drug Anal. 10, 178–182.

Dutton, A., Mattiacci, L., and Dom, S. 2000. Plant-derived semiochemicals as contact host location stimuli parasitoid of leafminers. J. Chem. Ecol., 26(10), 2259–2268.

Edgar, J.A. (1984) Parsonsieae: ancestral larval foodplants of the Danainae and Ithomiinae. In: Vane-Wright, R.I., and Ackery, P.R. (eds) The biology of butterflies. London: Academic Press Inc. pp. 65–79.

Feeny, P., Städler, E., Åhman, I., and Carter, M. 1998. Effects of plant odor on oviposition by the black swallowtail butterfly Papilio polyxenes (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). J. Insect Behav., 2(6), 803–827.

Gocan, S. (2005) Terpenoids: analysis by TLC. California: CRC Press. pp. 1676–1681.
Guil-Guerrero J.L., Garcia-Maroto, F., Campra-Madrid, P., and Gomez-Mercado, F. 2000. Occurence and characterization of oils rich in γ-linolenic acid, part II: fatty acids and squalene from Macaronesian Echium leaves. Phytochemistry, 54(5), 525–529.

Hagen, R.H., and Chabot, J.F. 1986. Leaf anatomy of maples (Acer) and host use by Lepidoptera larvae. Oikos, 47, 335–345.

Hosain, M.A., Al-Raqmi, K.A.S., Al-Mijizy, Z.H., Weli, A.M., and Al-Riyami, Q. 2013. Study of total phenol, falvonoids contents and phytochemical screening of various leaves crude extracts of locally grown Thymus vulgaris. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 3(9), 705–710.

Gupta, R., Datta, A., and Shri, R. 2012. Extraction process optimization of tylophorine from Tylophora asthmatica Wight & Arn. Pharmacogn. J., 4(28), 19–23.

Jain, U.K., and Dixit, V.K. 2004. Spectrophotometric estimation of tannins from Chyavanprash. Indian Drugs, 41, 462–472.

Kalshoven, L.G.E. (1981) Pest of crops in Indonesia. Jakarta: P.T. Ichtiar Baru-Van Hoeve.

Konstantopoulou M.A., Krokos, F.D., and Mazomenos, B.E. 2004. Chemical composition of corn leaf essential oils and their role in the oviposition behavior of Sesamia nonagrioides females. J. Chem. Ecol., 30(11), 2243–2256.

Langenheim, J.H. 1994. Higher plant terpenoids: a phytocentric overview of their ecological roles. J. Chem. Ecol., 20(6), 1223–1280.

Shamsa, F., Monsef, H., Ghamooshi, R., and Verdian-rizi, M. 2008. Spectrophotometric determination of total alkaloids in some Iranian medical plants. Thai J. Pharm. Sci., 32, 17–20.

Situmorang, J. (1997) Optimasi susunan pakan buatan untuk pertumbuhan dan kualitas kokon ulat sutera atakas Attacus atlas L. (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Research Center.

Pare, P.W., and Tumlinson, J.T. 1999. Plant volatiles as a defense against insect herbivore. Plant Physiol., 121, 325–331.

Purwanto, H., and Garjito, T.A. 2002. The eggs deposition preference of Attacus atlas L. (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) on its host plants. Poster presentation in the 4th International Conference on Wild Silkmoths. Yogyakarta 23–27 April 2002.

Purwanto, H., Widyarto, R., and Wahyudi, A. 2002. Does species of parent’s host plant of Attacus atlas L. (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) have effect on the survivorship of progeny when reared on other plant species? Oral presentation in The 4th International Conference on Wild Silkmoths. Yogyakarta 23–27 April 2002.

Schultz, J.C. 1988. Plant responses induced by herbivores. Trends Ecol. Evol. 3(2), 45–49.

Sukirno S., Situmorang, J., Sumarmi, S., Soesilohadi, R.C.H., and Pratiwi, R. 2013. Evaluation of artificial diets for Attacus atlas (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. J. Econ. Ento., 106(6), 2364–2370.

Socolsky, C., Salvatore, A., Asakawa, Y., and Bardón, A. 2003. Bioactive new bitter-tasting p-hydroxystyrene glycoside and other constituents from the fern Elaphoglossum spathulatum. Arkivoc, 10, 347–355.

Ko, T.-F., Weng, Y.-M., and Robin Y. 2002. Squalene content and antioxidant activity of Terminalia catappa leaves and seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50(19), 5343–5348.

Walker, V., Bertrand, C., Bellvert, F., Moenne-Loccoz, Y., Bally, R., and Comte, G. 2011. Host plant secondary metabolite profiling shows a complex, strain dependent response of maize to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum. New Phytol., 189, 494–506.





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.25822

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 105866 | views : 2703

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.