Effect of The Combination of Protected and Non-Protected Soybean Oil (Glycine max L.) Supplementation on Characteristics of Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Digestibility, and Nitrogen Balance in Garut Sheep
Muhammad Luqmanul Hakim(1), Chusnul Hanim(2*), Lies Mira Yusiati(3)
(1) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281,
(2) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281,
(3) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281,
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Soybean oil is a high source of unsaturated fatty acids which if given to sheep have the potential to accumulate in the meat. However, in the rumen unsaturated fatty acids undergoes biohydrogenation by rumen microbes, and the addition of fat in the feed has the potential to reduce fiber fermentation in the rumen which can have an impact on animal performance. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of protected and non-protected soybean oil supplementation on the characteristics of rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen balance of Garut sheep. Twelve male Garut lambs aged 13 months and weighing 29±3.23 kg were kept in a metabolic cage and divided into three groups. The basal diet of 60% King grass and 40% pollard bran was supplemented with protected and non-protected soybean oil with the ratio of 3%:0%, 1.5%:1.5%, and 0%:3%, respectively, based on the dry matter of ration. The data obtained were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that supplementation had no effect on rumen fatty acids profile, microbial protein, ammonia concentration, total volatile fatty acids, acetat, propionate, butirat, and pH. The digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, and crude fat were not affected. Supplementation also had no effect on nitrogen balance. Hence supplementation of different levels of protected fats did not influence animal performance in Garut sheep.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anam, M. S. 2020. Pengaruh Suplementasi Kombinasi Minyak Jagung Terproteksi dan Non Terproteksi terhadap Karakteristik Fermentasi, Produksi Gas Metan, dan Kecernaan Nutrien Secara In Vitro. Master Thesis. Faculty of Animal Science. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis. 11th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington. Astuti, M. 1981. Rancangan Percobaan dan Analisis Statstik. Faculty of Animal Science. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Behan, A. A., T. C. Loh, S. Fakurazi, U. Kaka, and A. A. Samsudin. 2019. Effects of supplementation of rumen protected fats on rumen ecology and digestibility of nutrients in sheep. Animals (Basel). 9: 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9070400.
Costa, D. F. A., S. P. Quigley, P. Isherwood, S. R. McLennan, X. Q. Sun, S. J. Gibbs, and D. P. Poppi. 2017. The inclusion of low quantities of lipids in the diet of ruminants fed low quality forages has little effect on rumen function. Anim. Sci. Technol. 234: 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.09 .003.
de Almeida Chuffa, L. G., F. R. Vieira, D. A. F. da Silva, and D. M. Franco. 2014. Soybean seed oil: Nutritional composition, healthy benefits and commercial applications. In: Seed Oil: Biological Properties, Health Benefits and Commercial Applications. (A. Varnham, ed.). Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York. P. 1-23.
Filípek, J. and R. Dvořák. 2009. Determination of volatile fatty acid content in the rumen liquid: comparison of gas chromatography and capillary isotachophoresis. Acta Vet. Brno. 78(4): 627-633. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200978040627.
Harris, W. 2010. Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids: Partner in prevention. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 13: 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1097/mco.0b013e328335 7242.
Hartadi, H., S. Reksohadiprojo, and A. D. Tillman. 1997. Tabel Komposisi Pakan Untuk Indonesia. 4 th edn. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Hartati, L. 2014. Upaya Peningkatan Asam Lemak Tidak Jenuh Susu Sapi Perah dengan Suplementasi Lemak Terproteksi. Dissertation. Faculty of Animal Science. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Kandi, M., M. Kazemi-Bonchenari, M. H. Yazdi, and M. Mirzaei. 2020. Effects of Ca-salt of linseed oil supplementation and protein content in diet on performance, ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and blood metabolites in young lambs. Small Rumin. Res. 193: 106257. doi:10.1016/J.SMALLRUMRES.2020.1062 57.
Kearl, L. C. 1982. Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants of Developing Countries. Ph.D. Thesis. Utah State University, USA. Kiernan, J. A. 2000. Formaldehyde, Formalin, Paraformaldehyde and Glutaraldehyde: What they are and what they do. Microscopy Today. 8: 8-12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S15519295000570 60.
McDonald, P., R. A. Edwards, J. F. D. Greenhalgh, and C. A. Morgan. 2002. Animal Nutrition. 6th edn. Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow. Naik, P., S. Saijpaul and N. Rani. 2009. Effect of ruminally protected fat on in vitro fermentation and apparent nutrient digestibility in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 153: 68-76.
Retnani, Y., K. G. Wiryawan, L. Khotijah, N. N. Barkah, R. A. Gustian, and I. R. Dermawan. 2019. Growth performance, blood metabolites and nitrogen utilization of lambs fed with nigella sativa meal. Pak. J. Nutr. 18: 247–253. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2019.247.253.
Riyanto, J. E., E. Baliarti, L. M. Yusiati, T. Hartati, and D. T. Widayati. 2015. Pengaruh proteksi aldehid untuk meloloskan poly unsaturated fatty acid pada menir kedelai dan minyak ikan lemuru secara in vitro. Sains Peternakan 13: 57-65. https://doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v13i1.454 8.
Schroeder, G. F., G. A. Gagliostro, F. Bargo, J. E. Delahoy, and L. D. Muller. 2004. Effects of fat supplementation on milk production and composition by dairy cows on pasture: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 86: 1 –18.
Sudibya, Darsono, and P. Martatmo. 2009. Transfer Omega-3 melalui Kapsulisasi dan L-Karnitin pengaruhnya terhadap Komposisi Kimiawi Air Susu Sapi Perah. Laporan Hasil Penelitian Hibah Stranas. Faculty of Agriculture. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
Tiven, N. C. 2011. Kajian Minyak Sawit Kasar yang Diproteksi dengan Formaldehid sebagai Aditif Pakan untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Daging Domba. Ph.D. Thesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Tiven, N. C., L. M. Yusiati, Rusman, and U. Santoso. 2015. Pengaruh proteksi CPO dengan formaldehid terhadap kecernaan dan performa domba ekor tipis. Buletin Peternakan 39: 78-83. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v3 9i2.6711.
Wina, E. and I. W. R. Susana. 2013. Manfaat lemak terproteksi untuk meningkatkan produksi dan reproduksi ternak ruminansia. Wartazoa 23: 176-184. Van Soest, P. J. 1994. Nutritional Ecology of The Ruminant. 2nd edn. Cornell University Press. New York.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v46i4.77328
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1269 | views : 874Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science) Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.