The Effectiveness of Cherry Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura L) as an Anti-Bacterial Against Hatchability of Kub Chicken Eggs in Artificial Hatchery

Aulia Rahmad Hasyim; Jonathan Anugrah Lase; Alwiyah Alwiyah; Suroto Suroto; Khairiyah Khairiyah; Mustafa Hutagalung; Siti Maryam Harahap; Khadijah el Ramija; Dian Lestari; Novita Ardiarini; Abubakar Ibrahim

doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v45i4.66695

The Effectiveness of Cherry Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura L) as an Anti-Bacterial Against Hatchability of Kub Chicken Eggs in Artificial Hatchery

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v45i4.66695

Aulia Rahmad Hasyim⁽¹⁾, Jonathan Anugrah Lase^(2*), Alwiyah Alwiyah⁽³⁾, Suroto Suroto⁽⁴⁾, Khairiyah Khairiyah⁽⁵⁾, Mustafa Hutagalung⁽⁶⁾, Siti Maryam Harahap⁽⁷⁾, Khadijah el Ramija⁽⁸⁾, Dian Lestari⁽⁹⁾, Novita Ardiarini⁽¹⁰⁾, Abubakar Ibrahim⁽¹¹⁾

(1) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(2) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Maluku Utara
(3) Loka Penelitian Kambing Potong
(4) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(5) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(6) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(7) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(8) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara
(9) Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi
(10) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Maluku Utara
(11) Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Maluku Utara
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The present study aimed to determine the effect of cherry leaf extract (Muntingia calabura L) on hatchability of Balitnak Superior Free Range Chickens (KUB) through artificial hatching. The doses of cherry leaf extract used in this study were 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The hatching eggs used came from KUB hens that were intensively reared in the poultry house at UPBS BPTP, North Sumatra. The procedures applied in this study were collection of hatching eggs, fumigation of machines and equipment, setting of machines and hatching eggs, egg washing with cherry leaf extract and hatching of eggs for 21 days. During the hatching process, observations were made on predetermined variables. The observed variables were egg shape index, egg weight loss, shell temperature and hatchability. The method used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 100 replications. The results showed that the hatching egg shape index in this study was 75,77 – 77,05%. The lowest egg weight loss was at P0 (0%), while the largest weight loss was at P2 (15%). The highest hatchability was observed in P1 (10%) at 84%. The most effective P1 treatment resulted in the highest egg hatchability in the present study.

Keywords

Cherry leaf extract, Hatchability, KUB Chickens

Full Text:

PDF

References

Affandi, R. and U. M. Tang. 2002. Fisiologi Hewan Air. UNRI-press, Pekanbaru.

Alsoyabel, A. A., M. A. Almarshade, and M. A. Albadry. 2013. Effect of breed, age and storage period on egg weight, egg weight loss and shick weight of commercial broiler breeders raised in saudi arabia. J. Saudi Society Agri. Sci. 12: 53-57.

Cucco, M., M. Grenna, and G. Malacarne. 2012. Female condition, egg shape and hatchabiility: a study on the grey partridge. J. Zoology. 287: 1-9.

Dharma, Y. A., Rukmiasih, and P. S. Hardjosworo. 2001. Ciri-ciri fisik telur tetas itik mandalung dan rasio jantan dengan betina yang dihasilkan. Lokakarya Nasional Unggas Air. IPB, Bogor. Hal. 208-212.

El-Hanoun, A. and N. A. Mossad. 2008. Hatchability improvement of peking duck eggs by controlling water evaporation rate from the egg shell. Egypt. Poult. Sci. 28: 767-784.

Ensminger, M. E. 1992. Poultry Science. Interstate Publishers Inc, Danville, Illinois.

French, N. A. 1997. Modelling incubation temperature: the effects of incubator design, embryonic development, and egg size. Poult. Sci. 76: 124-133. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.1.124

Gilang, A., M. Rina, and Y. Wina. 2020. Potensi ekstrak daun kersen sebagai bahan sanitasi kerabang telur pada proses penetasan telur itik alabio. Jurnal Sains Terapan 10: 50-61. https://doi.org/ 10.29244/jstsv.10.2.50-61

Harikrishnan, S., K. Narayanankutty, B. Chacko, P. Anitha, and A. Jalaludeen. 2013. Comparative assesment of egg sanitizing agents on the hatchability of kuttanad duck eggs. Int. J. Current Research. 5: 987-988.

Hermiati, Rusli, N. Y. Manalu, and M. S Sinaga. 2013. Ekstrak daun sirih hijau dan merah sebagai antioksidan pada minyak kelapa. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 2: 2-7. https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v2i1.1425

Ipek, A. and A. Sozcu. 2017. Comparison of hatching egg characteristics, embryo development, yolk absorption, hatch window, and hatchability of pekin duck eggs of different weights. Poult. Sci. 96: 3593-3599.

Ipek, A., U. Sahan, and A. Sozcu. 2015. The effects of different eggshell temperatures between embryonic day 10 and 18 on broiler performance and susceptibility to ascites. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic. 17: 387- 394.

Iskandar, S. and T. Sartika. 2014. KUB chicken: The first Indonesian kampung chicken selected for egg production. Proceedings The 16^th AAAP Congress. Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta, 10-14 November 2014.

Jones, D. R., K. E. Anderson, and T. J. Guard. 2012. Prevalence of coliforms, salmonella, listeria, and campylobacter associated with eggs and the environment of conventional cage and free-range egg production. Poult. Sci. 91: 1195-1202.

Joseph, M. 2007. Egg cleanliness part 2. Poultry Science. Department The University of Georgia. http://www.backyardchickens. com/t/333452/egg-cleanliness/10.

Karlina, C. Y., M. Ibrahim, and G. Trimulyono. 2013. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak herbal krokot (Portulaca oleracea l.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Lentera Bio. 2: 87-93.

Koelkebeck, K. W. 2010. What is egg shell quality and how to preserve it. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois. http://www.thepoultrysite.com/articles/ 1879/what-is-egg-shell-quality-and how to-preserve-it/.

Kurniawan, I., Sarwiyono, and P. Surjowardojo. 2013. Pengaruh teat dipping menggunakan dekok daun kersen (Muntingia calabura l) terhadap tingkat kejadian mastitis. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 23: 27-31.

Lase, J. A., Rukmiasih, P. S. Hardjosworo, D. Lestari, and M. K. Sinabang. 2021. Characteristics of the physical changes of muscovy duck eggs during the natural hatching process and their effect on hatchability. Buletin Peternakan 45: 123-128.

Mahardika, H. A., Sarwiyono, and P. Surjowardojo. 2014. Ekstrak metanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura l) sebagai antimikroba alami terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus penyebab mastitis subklinis pada sapi perah. Jurnal Ternak Tropika 15: 15-22.

Mattjik, A. A., and I. M. Sumertajaya. 2002. Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan Minitab. IPB Press, Bogor.

Narushim, V. G. and M. N. Romanov. 2002. Egg physical characteristics and hatchability. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 39: 854-860.

Nurwantoro, Y., and B. Resmisari. 2004. Pengaruh perendaman jus daun sirih (Piper betle LINN) terhadap jumlah bakteri pada telur itik. J. Indonesia Tropic Anim. Agri. 3: 156-160.

Prabowo, A., Subiharta, and Iswanto. 2020. Pengaruh umur terhadap produksi dan daya tetas telur ayam kampung unggul balitbangtan (KUB). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesiapan Sumber Daya Pertanian dan Inovasi Spesifik Lokasi Memasuki Era Industri 4.0. pp. 238 – 242.

Pramudyati, Y. S. 2009. Beternak ayam buras. Petunjuk Teknis. GTZ Merang reed pilot project bekerjasama dengan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Selatan.

Prilajuarti, A. 1990. Produksi dan kualitas telur ayam Kampung, ayam Pelung dan ayam Bangkok. Fakultas Peternakan. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Puspitasari, A. D. and R. L. Wulandari. 2017. Aktivitas antioksidan dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etil asetat daun kersen (Muntingia calabura). Jurnal Pharmascience 4: 167-175.

Reijrink. 2008. The mistery of duck egg incubation. http://hatchtechgroup.com /themysteryofduckeggincubation.pdf. Accessed 27 Agustus 2017.

Romjali, E., Subiharta, H. Hasinah. F. A. Pamungkas, and R. Matondang. 2019. Kinerja produksi dan reproduksi ayam KUB. Prosiding Seminar Nasional. TPV- 2019-p. 705 -709.

Sari, M., M. Tilki, M. Saatci, S. Isik, and K. Onk. 2010. Effect of parental age, egg weight and egg shape index on hatchability traits and liveability in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Fırat University Veterinary J. Health Sci. 24: 93-97.

Sotherland, P. R, J. R. Spotila, and C. V. Paganelli. 1987. Avian eggs: barriers to the exchange of heat and mass. J. Exp. Zool. 1: 81–86.

Steel, R.G. and D. F. Torrie. 1991. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika, Suatu Pendekatan Biometrika. Gramedia, Jakarta.

Sufian, A. S., K. Ramasamy, N. Ahmat, Z. A. Zakaria, and M. I. Yusof. 2013. Isolation and identification of antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. J. Ethnopharmacol. 146: 198-204.

Sulaiman, A. Y., P. Astuti, and A. D. Shita. 2017. Uji antibakteri esktrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura l.) terhadap koloci stretococcus viridians. Indonesian J. Health Sci. 1: 1-6.

Suryana. 2017. Development of KUB Chicken in South Kalimantan. Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia. 27: 45-52.

Van der Pool, C. W., Van Roovert-Reijrink, C. M. Maatjens, M. Van den Brand, and R. Molenaar. 2013. Effect of relative humidity during incubation at a set eggshell temperature and brooding temperature posthatch on embryonic mortality and chick quality. Poult. Sci. 92: 2145-2155. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03006

Wilson, H. 1990. Physiological requirements of the developing embryo: temperature and turning. Avian Incubation. Pp. 145-156.

Youssef, A., V. Exadaktylos, and D. Berckmans. 2014. Modelling and quantification of the thermoregulatory responses of the developing avian embryo: electrical analogies of a physiological system. J. Therm. Biol. 44: 14-9.

Yuwanta, T. 2004. Dasar Ternak Unggas. Penerbit Kanisus, Yogyakarta.

Zakaria, Z. A., A. M. Mohamed, N. S. Jamil, M. S. Rofiee, M. K. Hussain, M. R. Sulaiman, L. K. Teh, and M. Z. Salleh. 2011. In vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves. Am. J. Chin. Med. 39: 183-200.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v45i4.66695