The Effect of Corn Substitution with Palm Kernel Meal Treated by Enzyme on Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Broiler

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i2.30977

Muhammad Halim Natsir(1*), Irfan Djunaidi(2), Osfar Sjofjan(3), Antonius Suwanto(4), Esti Puspitasari(5), Ludovika Jessica Virginia(6)

(1) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
(4) PT. Wilmar Benih Indonesia, Bekasi, Jawa Barat
(5) PT. Wilmar Benih Indonesia, Bekasi, Jawa Barat
(6) PT. Wilmar Benih Indonesia, Bekasi, Jawa Barat
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The research was aimed to evaluate the effects of substitution level of corn with palm kernel meal (PKM) untreated and palm kernel meal (PKM) treated by enzyme on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The method used in this research was experiment using nested of completely randomized design with 2 factors, the main factor was type of palm kernel meal factors consisting of PKM without enzyme (B1) and PKM by mannanase enzyme (B2), and substitution corn level L0 (without substitution), L1 (12.5%), L2 (25%), L3 (37.5%) and L4 (50%). The different among the treatments were tested by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that corn substitution with PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzymes was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed conversion ratio (FCR), tenderness, meat cholesterol of broilers and income over feed cost (IOFC) and significant effect (P<0.05) on feed intake, but there is no significant difference on body weight, percentages of abdominal fat and water holding capacity (WHC). Furthermore, effect of level corn substitition with PKM nested to PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzyme was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed intake, body weight, FCR, and tenderness and significant effect (P<0.05) on IOFC, but there is no effect on percentages of abdominal fat, WHC and meat cholesterol. It can be concluded that the corn substitution with PKM treated by enzymes was better than the PKM untreated on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The optimal level of PKM untreated as corn substitution was 12.5%. While replacement with PKM treated by enzyme can be used up to 25%.


Keywords


Broiler; Corn; Mannanase enzyme; Palm kernel meal

Full Text:

PDF


References

Aya, V. E., B. A. Ayanwale, A. T. Ijaiya, and A. Aremu. 2013. Performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chicks as influenced by multi-enzyme addition to starter diets containing palm kernel meal. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 29: 93-104.

Hatta, U., B. Sundu, and A. P. Damayanti. 2010. Pengaruh kombinasi enzim dan bungkil inti sawit terhadap keseragaman tumbuh, livebilitas, income over feed dan chick cost ayam broiler. Jurnal Agroland. 17: 77-84.

Joseph, J. K. and J. Abolaji. 1997. Effects of replacing maize with graded levels of cooked Nigerian mango-seed kernels (Mangifera indica) on the performance, carcass yield and meat quality of broiler chickens. Bioresource Technology 61: 99-102.

Loh, T. C., H. L. Foo, B. K. Tan, and Z. A. Jelan. 2002. Effect of palm kernel cake on performance and blood lipids in rats. Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15: 1165-1169. Mc Donald, P., R. A.

Edwards., J. F. D. Greenhalgh, and C. A. Morgan. 2002. Animal Nutrition. 6th edn. John Wiley and Sons Inc, Armidal. New England.

Milićević, D., D Vranić, Z. Mašić, N. Parunović, D. Trbović, J. Nedeljković-Trailović, and Z. Petrović. 2014. The role of total fats, saturated/unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol content in chicken meat as cardiovascular risk factors. Lipids Health Dis. 13: 42-50.

National Research Council (NRC). 1994. Nutrient Requirement of Poultry. Ninth Revised edn. Natural Academy Press, Washington DC.

Ojewola, G. S., M. A. Oguike, S. C. Akomas, T. Likita, O. M. Onyiro, and C. Wokocha. 2003. Comparison of the supplemental effects of roxazyme -g enzyme in palm kernel meal and brewers dried grain based diets fed to male turkey poults. Nigeria Agric. J. 34: 116-124.

Oluwafemi, R. 2008. Palm kernel cake (PKC) utilization in monogastric animal feeding-implications for sustainable livestock development. The Internet J. Vet. Med. 6: 1-5.

Onuh, S. O., D. D. Ortesgra, and J. J. Okoh. 2010. Response of broiler chickens to palm kernel cake and maize offal mixed in different ratios. Pak. J. Nutr. 9: 516-519.
Ribeiro, R. D. X., R. L. Oliveira, F. M. Macome, A. R. Bagaldo, M. C. A. Silva, C. V.

D. Ribeiro, G. G. P. Carvalho, and D. P. D. Lanna. 2011. Meat quality of lambs fed on palm kernel meal, a by-product of biodiesel production. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 24: 1399-1406.

Saenphoom, P., J. B. Liang, Y. W. Ho, T. C. Loh, and M. Rosfarizan. 2013. Effect of enzyme treated palm kernel expeller on metabolizable energy, growth performance, villus height and digesta viscosity in broiler chickens. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 26: 537-544.

Sinurat, A. P., I. W. Mathius, and T. Purwadaria. 2012. Pengolahan dan Pemanfaatan Hasil Samping Industri Sawit sebagai Bahan Pakan. Balitbang Pertanian, Jakarta.

Soeparno. 2005. Ilmu dan Teknologi Daging. Cetakan ke-4. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.

Steel, R. G. D. dan J. H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.

Sumardi. 2007. Isolasi dan karakterisasi mananase ektraseluler dari fusarium oxysporum. Jurnal Sains MIPA. 13: 43-48.

Sundu, B. and J. Dingle. 2003. Use of enzyme to improve the nutritional value of palm kernel meal and copra meal. Proceedings of Queensland Poultry Science Symposium Australia. Pp. 11: 1-15.

Sundu, B., A. Kumar and J. Dingle. 2008. Amino acid digestibilities of palm kernel meal in poultry. J. Indon. Anim. Agric. 3: 139-144.

Tirajoh, S., Achmanu, O. Sjofjan, and E. Widodo. 2014. Evaluation of nutritive values of papua foxtail millet (Setaria italica sp) and its substitutive effect for yellow corn on broiler performances. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) 4: 195-201.

Widodo, E., O. Sjofjan, and A. Z. Wijaya. 2010. Noodle waste as substitute for yellow corn in broiler diet and its effect on carcass quality. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil 5: 38-44.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i2.30977

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 5418 | views : 3758

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science) Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.