Epidemiologi leptospirosis di Yogyakarta dan Bantul

Defryana Rakebsa; Citra Indriani; Widagdo Sri Nugroho

doi:10.22146/bkm.28562

Epidemiologi leptospirosis di Yogyakarta dan Bantul

https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.28562

Defryana Rakebsa^(1*), Citra Indriani⁽²⁾, Widagdo Sri Nugroho⁽³⁾

(1) Departemen Biostatistik, Epidemiologi, dan Kesehatan Populasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Biostatistik, Epidemiologi, dan Kesehatan Populasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Epidemiology of leptospirosis in Yogyakarta and Bantul

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship knowledge, attitude, and environmental factors with the incidence of leptospirosis.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted in November 2016 in Yogyakarta city and Bantul district on 242 respondents. The case was leptospirosis patients that recorded in the Yogyakarta and Bantul District health offices within the period of June 2014 to June 2016. Controls were households in the same neighborhood as the case and had no history of leptospirosis, with case and control comparisons 1:1. Rat-catching was done inside the house and in the rice fields.

Results

Knowledge (OR: 1, 95% CI: 0.58-1.71, p-value: 1) and attitude (OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.47-1.40, p-value: 0 .44) had no significant association with leptospirosis incidence. The presence of rats in the home has no significant relationship with leptospirosis incidence (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.15-3.78, p-value: 0.73). The multivariate analysis found that the distance of house to open sewer (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.22-7.14) and the presence of in-house waste (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.14-3.62) had a significant association with leptospirosis incidence.

Conclusion

There was no statistically significant relationship between knowledge and attitude with leptospirosis incidence. Environmental factors such as the distance of house to open sewer and the presence of in-house waste have a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of leptospirosis. Two of the 4 serum mice examined with a positive MAT method contained Leptospira sp. with Benjamin serovar Benjamini strain.

Keywords

leptospirosis; serovars; environmental factors; MAT

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