Preliminary study on congenital anomaly in DR. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies and genetic diseases tend to increase and dominate hospital admittance,
especially in the pediatric wards in developed countries. The spectrum of diseases in regions with low
infant mortality rate is likely to go with such tendency It is necessary to study congenital anomalies and
genetic diseases at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, locating in a region with much lower infant mortality
rate than that of the national average.
Objective: To know the occurrence of congenital anomalies and its pattern among DR. Sardjito General
Hospital in-patients.
Method: An desricptive study was done on secondary data taken from data-base of the Hospital in 1998 –
2002 period. All of admittances in that period diagnosed as primary or secondary diagnosis, with Q00 –
Q99 congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities according to International
Classisifaction of Diseases (ICD), were included. The pattern of anomaly at the Hospital was compared to
that of different population and period.
Results: There were 1968 1070 males and 898 females) admittances with congenital anomalies at Dr.
Sardjito General Hospital in 1998 – 2002. The proportion compared to the whole admittance was 2.06%.
The most prevalent was Q35 – Q37 cleft lip and cleft palate (21.14%), followed by Q38 – Q45 other
congenital malformations of the digestive system (18.45%), Q20 – Q28 malformations of the circulatory
system (15.65%), Q50 – Q56 malformations of genital organs (12,55%), Q00 – Q07 malformations of
the nervous system (11.89%), Q65-Q79: malformations nd deformations of musculoskeletal system
(6.40%), Q80-Q89: other congenital malformations (4.06%), Q10-Q18: malformations of eye, ear, face
and neck (3,91%), Q60-Q64: malformations of the urinary system (2.54%), Q90-Q99: Chromosomal
anomalies (2,44%), and Q30-Q34: malformations of the respiratory system (0.97%).
Conclusion: Congenital anomalies at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital were dominated by cleft lip and palate,
and other congenital malformations of the digestive system. The pattern was similar to that of other
regions of Indonesia, and differed from Indian and European populations
Key words: congenital anomalies – genetic diseases – malformations – Dr. Sardjito General Hospital