Compound Molecules of Network Pharmacology-Based of Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea Cav.) and the Potential as Noodle for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.84655

Fitriyani Fitriyani(1), Salsabila E.S. Ningrum(2), Rohiatul Mutiah(3*), Larasati Sekar Kinasih(4)

(1) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang, East Java
(2) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang, East Java
(3) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang, East Java
(4) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang, East Java
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Consuming noodles excessively is not good for health because it contains high trans fat, which can cause diabetes mellitus (DM) as a disease with a high prevalence, especially type 2 DM, as much as 95% in Indonesia. Tamarillo (Chypomandra betacea Cav.) can potentially reduce blood glucose levels and restore adipokine regulation to prevent insulin resistance in type 2 DM. This study aims to determine the formulation and potential of tamarillo compounds into noodle products named "Chypotes (Chypomandra Antidiabetes) Noodle" as an alternative food for type 2 DM patients.  The methods used are noodle formulation, organoleptic test, hedonic test, and network pharmacology.  Based on the results of an organoleptic test, Chypotes Noodle has a chewy texture, a distinctive smell, yellow colour, and a slightly sour tasteless taste typical of Tamarillo. Based on the results of the hedonic test, 30 respondents chose the like and very like options in filling out the questionnaire with a percentage of 80-90%. Based on the Network Pharmacology of Tamarillo shows that 150 of the 365 target proteins of Tamarillo are involved in the biological processes and signaling pathways of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with 75 target proteins locking and interacting. Compound Molecules of Tamarillo, such as six bioactive components of the hydroxycinnamic acids group, have activity in type 2 DM and affect the biological processes and signaling pathways of type 2 DM against ADIPOQ, TNF, and INS. Therefore, Tamarillo can potentially be used as an alternative food product in the form of noodles for type 2 DM treatment.


Keywords


Chypotes Noodle; Hydroxycinnamic Acids; Network Pharmacology; Tamarillo; Type 2 DM

Full Text:

PDF


References

Alzamil, H. (2020). Elevated Serum TNF- α Is Related to Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Is Associated with Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance. Journal of Obesity, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5076858

Andayani, N. K. R. (2022). PemanfaatanTepung Ampas Tahu Dalam Pembuatan Mie. Jurnal Kuliner, 2(2), 84–91. https://doi.org/http://10.23887/jk.v2i2.37691

Berawi, K. N., & Asvita, S. M. (2016). Efektivitas Ekstrak Terong Belanda untuk Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa dan Kolesterol LDL Darah pada Pasien Obesitas. Majority, 5(1), 102–106.

Chandra, R., Saichudin, W., & Andiana, O. (2020). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Penyakit Diabetes Melitus pada Penderita terhadap Pengaturan Pola Makan dan Physical Activity. Sport Science and Health |, 2(2), 152–161. http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jfik/indexhttp://fik.um.ac.id/

Cumayunaro, A., Marlia, S., & Dephinto, Y. (2020). Konseling Kalori Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Di Puskesmas Andalas Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 11(2), 282–289. http://jurnal.syedzasaintika.ac.id/index.php/medika/article/view/858

Devi, N. P. A., Wipradnyadewi, P. A. S., & Yusa, N. M. (2018). Pengaruh Penambahan Terung Belanda (Solanum Betaceum Cav.) Terhadap Karakteristik Marshmallow. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA), 7(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.24843/itepa.2018.v07.i01.p03

Diep, T., Pook, C., & Yoo, M. (2020). Phenolic and anthocyanin compounds and antioxidant activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.). Antioxidants, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9020169

Diep, T. T., Yoo, M. J. Y., Pook, C., Sadooghy-Saraby, S., Gite, A., & Rush, E. (2021). Volatile components and preliminary antibacterial activity of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum cav.). Foods, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10092212

Diep, T. T., Yoo, M. J. Y., & Rush, E. (2022). Effect of tamarillo fortification and fermentation process on physicochemical properties and nutrient and volatiles content of yoghurt. Foods, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11010079

Elizalde-Romero, C. A., Montoya-Inzunza, L. A., Contreras-Angulo, L. A., Heredia, J. B., & Gutiérrez-Grijalva, E. P. (2021). Solanum Fruits: Phytochemicals, Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability, and Their Relationship With Their Health-Promoting Effects. In Frontiers in Nutrition (Vol. 8). Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.790582

Febricia, G. P., Nocianitri, K. A., & Pratiwi, I. D. P. K. (2020). Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Karakteristik Minuman Probiotik Sari Buah Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav) Dengan Lactobacillus sp F213. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA), 9(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.24843/itepa.2020.v09.i02.p07

Fredrika, L., & Yanti, L. (2021). Pengaruh Jus Buah Terung Belanda (Solanum Betaceum Cav.) Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Mahasiswi Keperawatan Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Bengkulu, 9(2), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.36085/jkmb.v9i2.2158

Hilal, N., Syahrir, A., Mochamad Afendi, F., Susetyo, B., Mochamad, F., & Program, A. (2016). Efek Sinergis Bahan Aktif Tanaman Obat Berbasiskan Jejaring Dengan Protein Target (Vol. 1, Issue 1).

Howlader, M., Sultana, M. I., Akter, F., & Hossain, M. M. (2021). Adiponectin gene polymorphisms associated with diabetes mellitus: A descriptive review. In Heliyon (Vol. 7, Issue 8). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07851

Jannah, I. N., & Ichda, C. (2021). Pengembangan Mie Ayam Wortel Dengan Substitusi Tepung Pati Garut Sebagai Hidangan Sepinggan Untuk Mendukung Peningkatan Wisata Kuliner Berbasis Pangan Lokal Tripolo. Prosiding Pendidikan Teknik Boga Busana, 16(1).

Khalisa, Lubis, Y. M., & Agustina, R. (2021). Uji Organoleptik Minuman Sari Buah Belimbing Wuluh ( Averrhoa bilimbi . L ) ( Organoleptic Test Fruit Juice Drink ( Averrhoa Bilimbi . L )). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 6(4), 594–601.

Nguyen, T. M. D. (2017). Adiponectin: Role in Physiology and Pathophysiology. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 11, 136. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM

Tandra, H. (2021). Penderita Diabetes Boleh Makan Apa Saja. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Tjandrawinata, R. R., Amalia, A. W., Tuna, H., Saidi, V. N., & Tan, S. (2022). Mekanisme Molekuler Imunomodulasi oleh Huangqi (Astragali Radix) Menggunakan Sistem Farmakologi Jejaring (Molecular Mechanisms of Network Pharmacology-Based Immunomodulation of Huangqi (Astragali Radix)). Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 20(2), 184–195. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/

Tran, N., Pham, B., & Le, L. (2020). Bioactive compounds in anti-diabetic plants: From herbal medicine to modern drug discovery. In Biology (Vol. 9, Issue 9, pp. 1–31). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9090252

Wulan, F. R. (2021). Kesadaran Mahasiswa Iain Kudus Terhadap Dampak Mie Instan Serta Alternatif Mie Sehat Alami. Pontianak Nutrition Journal, 4(2), 96–99. http://ejournal.poltekkes-pontianak.ac.id/index.php/PNJ/index

Yusuf, M., Pirman, Nur Fitriani, U. A., Amri, I., & Juwita, A. I. (2021). Identifications of Polyphenols and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Multi herbal Formulation: Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cocoa), Buni (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) and Cinnamons (Cinnamomum cassia). Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1783(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1783/1/012004



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mot.84655

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1003 | views : 771

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada