THE EFFECT OF PINEAPPLE STEM ETHANOL EXTRACT OF (Ananas comosus (L.) TO APOPTOSIS OF ORAL TONGUE SGUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA CELL LINE

https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8064

Fimma Naritasari(1), Hendri Susanto(2*), Supriatno Supriatno(3)

(1) Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignancy in the oral cavity.  Currently, cancer treatment using surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and its combination.  New strategy for cancer therapy is by searching herbal which can induce apoptosis. Bromelain is one of a potential anticancer agent that can induce apoptosis. Pineapple stem is one of a potential herbal medicine because of its bromelain enzyme content. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between pineapple stem ethanol extract and apoptosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Oral tongue  squamous  cell  carcinoma  cell  line was  treated  with  three concentrations  under  IC50  of  pineapple  stem  ethanol  extract,  including  5.000, 5.500,  6.000  µg/ml.  In  apoptosis  test,  cell  stained  with  fluorochrome  ethidium bromide and acridine orange after 24 hours incubation. Fluorescence microscope was used for counting the cell. Viable cell would be stained green and apoptotic cell would be stained yellow to orange. Probit analysis was used to determine IC50 of pineapple stem ethanol extract on Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Pearson analysis used to know the correlation between pineapple stem ethanol extract concentration and Oral tongue squamous  cell  carcinoma  cell  line apoptosis. The  result  showed  that  there  was  a  positive  correlation  between concentration  of  pineapple  stem  ethanol extract  and  apoptotic  cell  (r=0,999, p<0,05). In conclusion, pineapple stem ethanol extract treatment induced apoptosis of  oral  tongue  squamous  cell  carcinoma  and  the  increases  of  pineapple  stem ethanol extract concentration followed by the increase of apoptosis induction. 


Keywords


oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma; pineapple stem ethanol extract; apoptosis



References

Adeyemi, B. F., Adekunle, L. V., Kolude, B. M., Akang, E. E. U., dan Lawoyin, J. O., 2008, Head and Neck Cancer-A Clinicopathological Study in a Tertiary Care Center, J Natl Med Assoc, 100 (6) : 690-697

Alvi, A. Myers E. N., Johnson, J. T., 1996, Cancer of the Oral Cavity, dalam : Myers E. N., dan Suen, J. T. (eds.), Cancer of the Head and Neck, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 321-353

Amemiya, K., Shibuya, H., Yoshimura, R., dan Okada, N., 2005, The Risk Of Radiation-Induced Cancer in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck and its Result of Treatment, Brit J Rad781028-1033

Archer, C., Trott, P., dan Dowsett, M., 2000, Apoptosis Pathways, dalam Bronchud M. H., dalam : Foote M., Peters W. P., Robinson M. O. (eds.), Principles of Molecular Oncology, Humana Press, New Jersey, h 237-255

Baltaziak, M., Koda, M., Barwijuk-Machala, M., Musiatowicz, B., Duraj, E., Kanczuga-Koda, L., Musiatowicz, M., dan Reszee J., 2004, The Role of Bak Expression in Apoptosis of the Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and Metastases to Lymp Nodes (LNMs), Annal Acad Med Biol, 49 (Suppl. 1): 14-15

Barasch, A., Safford, M., dan Einsenberg, E., 1998, Oral Cancer and Oral Effects of Anticancer Therapy, Mt. Sinai J. Med., 65(5-6) : 370-377

Batkin, S., Taussig, S., dan Szeckerczes, J., 1988, Antimetastatic Effect of Bromelain with or without Its Proteolytic and Anticoagulant Activity, J. Can. Res. Clin. Oncol., 114:507-508

Boik, J., 2001, Natural Compounds in Cancer Theraphy, Quality Book Inc : Minnesota

Bsoul, S. A., Huber, M. A, dan Terenzhalmy, G. T., 2005, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tissues : A Comperehensive Review for Oral Health Care Providers, J. Contempt. Dent. Practice, 6(4) : 001-016

Cassidy J., Bissett D., dan Spence R. A. J., 2002, Oxford Handbook of Oncology, Oxford University Press: New York

Chobotova, K., Vernallis, A. B., Majid, F. A. A., 2009, Bromelain’s Activity and Potential As An Anti-Cancer Agent: Current Evidence and Perspectives, Cancer Lett., doi:10.1016/ j.canlet.2009.08.001

Elrod, H. A. dan Sun S. Y., 2008, PPARγ and Apoptosis in Cancer, PPAR Research,1-7

Fan, T., Han, L., Cong, R., dan Liang, J., 2005, Caspase Family Proteases and Apoptosis, Acta Biochem Biophys Sin, 37(11) : 719–727

Gerl, R. dan Vaux, D. L., 2005, Apoptosis in the Development and Treatment of Cancer, Carcinogenesis, 26(2): 263-270

Guimaraes-Ferreira, C. A., Rodrigues, E. G., Mortara, R. A., Cabral, H., Serrano, F. A., Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R., dan Travassos, R. L., 2007, Antitumor Effects In Vitro and In Vivo and Mechanisms of Protection against Melanoma B16F10-Nex2 Cells By Fastuosain, a Cysteine Proteinase from Bromelia fastuosa, Neoplasia, 9 (9): 723-733. www.neoplasia.com, 12/07/09

Hanahan, D. dan Weinberg, R. A., 2000, The Hallmarks of Cancer, Cell, 100: 57-70

Kalra, N., Bhui, K., Roy, P., Srivastava, S., George, J., Prasad, S., dan Shukla, Y., 2008, Regulation of p53, Nuclear Factor κB and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Bromelain Through Targeting Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Mouse Skin, Toxi Appl Pharmacol, 226: 30-37, www.elsevier.com, 12/07/09

Kelly, G. S., 1996, Bromelain : A Literature Review and Discussion of Its Therapeutic Application, Alternative Medicine Review, 1 (4) : 243-257

Kurniawan, F., 2008, Sari Buah Nanas Kaya Manfaat : Alternatif Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomis Hasil Panen, Sinar Tani edisi 13-19 Agustus 2008

Kuznetsov, G., Towle, M. J., Cheng, H., Kawamura, T., TenDyke, K., Liu, D., Kishi, Y., Yu, M. J., dan Littlefield B. A., 2004, Induction of Morphological and Biochemical Apoptosis following Prolonged Mitotic Blockage by Halichondrin B Macrocyclic Ketone Analog E7389, Cancer Res, 64: 5760–5766

Maurer, H. R., 2001, Bromelain : Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Medical Use, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 58: 1234-1245

Myers, J. N., 1996, Molecular Pathogenesis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck, dalam : Myers, E. N., dan Suen, J. T.(ed.), Cancer of the Head and Neck, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, h. 5-13

Mynott, T. L., Ladhams, A., Scarmato, dan P., Engwerda, C. R., 1999, Bromelain, from Pineapple Stems, Proteolytically Blocks Activation of Extracellular Regulated Kinase-2 in T Cells, J Immun, 163: 2568-2575.

Neville, B. W., dan Day, T. A., 2002, Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, CA Cancer J. Clin., 52: 195-215, http://caonline.amcancersoc.org, 10/07/2009.
Ponder, B.A. J., 2001, Cancer Genetics, Nature, 411: 336-341, www.nature.com, 10/07/2009

Ross, M. H., Kaye, G. I., dan Pawlina, W., 2003, Histology A Text and Atlas : with Cell and Molecular Biology, 4th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, h.73-74

Sakuma, T., Uzawa, K., Onda, T., Shiba, M., Yokoe, H., Shihabara, T., dan Tanzawa, H., 2006, Aberrant Expression of Histone Deacetylase 6 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Int J. Oncol, 29 : 117-124

Sarkar, F. H., dan Li, Y., 2008, Cell Signaling Pathways Altered by Natural Chemoprev-entive Agents, Mutation Res, 555: 53-64

Scully, C., 2003, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Elsevier : Edinburg Shibuya, Y., Tanimoto, H., Umeda, M., Yokoo, S., dan Komori, T., 2004, Induction Chemotherapy with Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and 5-flourouracil for Tongue Cancer, Kobe J.Med. Sci., 1(50)1-7

Spencer, K. R., Ferguson, J.W., dan Wiesenfeld, D., 2002, Current Concepts in the Management of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Aus Dent J, 47 (4):284-289

Supriatno, 2008, Cis-platinum Meningkatkan Apoptosis dan Hambatan Invasi Sel Kanker Lidah Manusia in vitro, MIKGI, 10 (1) : 75-78

Tjindarbumi, D. dan Mangunkusumo, R., 2002, Cancer in Indonesia, Present and Future, Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., 32 (Suplement 1) : S17-S21

Tochi, B. N., Wang, Z., Ying Xu, S., dan Zhang, W., 2008, Therapeutic Aplication of Pineaple Protease (Bromelain) : A Review, Pakistan J Nutr, 7 (4) : 513-520

Tysnes, B. B., Maurer, H.R., Porwol, T., Probst, B., Bjerkvig, R., dan Hoover, F., 2001, Bromelain Reversibly Inhibits Invasive Properties of Glioma Cells, Neoplasia, 3(6): 469–479

World Health Organization, 2008, Cancer, www. who.int/cancer/en/, 27/10/2008



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8064

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2514 | views : 13041

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2010 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada