LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT, N-HEXANE FRACTION, ETHYL ACETATE, AND METHANOL EXTRACT FROM STINKVINE LEAF (Paederia foetida L.) AGAINST LARVAE OF Aedes aegypti AND Anopheles INSTAR III

https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.17307

Rollando Rollando(1*), Maywan Hariono(2)

(1) Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ma Chung University
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Stinkvine (Paederia foetida L.) is known as a plant that has many properties that are empirically used in traditional medicine. However, information of utilization of Stinkvine leaf outside as a traditional medicine has not been discovered yet. This research aims to determine the potential larvicidal extracts and fractions of stinkvine leaf. The ethanol extract of stinkvine leaf fractionated using column chromatography with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Larvicidal activity test against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles III instar was done using 25 larvae for each treatment extracts and fractions in 5 series of concentration, and left exposed for 24 hours. Total mortality of larvae is calculated and analyzed using a modified Finney probit to determine the LC50 and LC90 values. The results showed larvicidal activity on larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with LC50 and LC90 value of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fraction respectively 67,89 ; 10,92 ; 30,98 µg/mL and 114,11 ; 18,80 ; 54, 12 µg/mL. Larvicidal activity on larvae of Anopheles mosquitoes with LC50 and LC90 value of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fraction respectively 50,76 ; 14,96 ; 60,82 µg/mL and 87,23 ; 25,65 ; 90,92 µg/mL. Ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of stinkvine leaf (Paederia foetida L.) shows to have highest larvicidal activity against the mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles. The results of GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed there are 15 compounds, a constituent component consisting of lupeol (20,32 %), gamma-sitosterol (12,22 %), cyclohexanecarboxamide (11,82 %), campesterol (11,45 %), 3-butenol, 4- (2,6,6-trimethyl-1-sikloheksenil) (7,98 %), siklolanos-24-en-3-ol (7,87%), and there are 9 other components with a percentage amount of 0,18 to 5,86 %.

Keywords


Stinkvine leaf, ethyl acetate fraction, larvicides, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles



References

Arsunan,A.A. 2012. Malaria di Indonesia Tinjauan Aspek Epidemiologi, Masagena Press. Makassar.

Balamurugan, R., Duraipandiyan, V., Ignacimuthu, S., 2011. Antidiabetic activity of γ-sitosterol isolated from Lippia nodiflora L. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.05.025

Finney, D. J. 1971. Probit Analysis, 3 ed. Cambridge University Press, Great Britain. pp 333-340.

Gallo, M.B.C., Miranda, B., Sarachine, J., 2009. Biological Activities of Lupeol. Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed. Sci. 3: 46–66.

Gbolade, A., 2000. Plant derived insecticides in the control of malaria vector. In: Adewunmi, C.O., Adesina, S.K. (Eds.), Phytomedicines in Malaria and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Challenges for new Millennium, Drug research and Production Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy. Obafemi, Awolowo University, lle-fe, Nigeria, pp. 48–50.

Geris R, Rodriguez E, Da Silva HHG,Da Silva IG. 2008. Larvacidal effects of Fungal Meroterpenoids in the Control of Aedes aegypti L. in the Main Vector of Dengue and Yellow Fever. Chem. Biodiv. 5: 341-345.

Ghosh, A., 2013. Efficacy of phytosterol as mosquito larvicide. Asian Pac. J. Trop. DOI. 10.1016/S2222-1808(13)60050-X

Kementrian Kesehatan. Evaluasi Pengendalan Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue. Medikakom. Edisi 53. Januari 2016. Hal.4.

Kumar, R.B., 2011. A search for mosquito larvicidal compounds by blocking the sterol carrying protein, AeSCP-2, through computational screening and docking strategies. Pharmacogn. Res. DOI. 10.4103/0974-8490.89749

Kumar, R.B., Shanmugapriya, B., Thiyagesan, K., Kumar, S.R., Xavier, S.M., 2010. A search for mosquito larvicidal compounds by blocking the sterol carrying protein, AeSCP-2, through computational screening and docking strategies. Pharmacogn. Res. DOI.10.4103/0974-8490.69126

Larvicidal Activity of Compounds Isolated From Asarum heterotropoides Against Culex pipiens pallens, Aedes aegypti, and Ochlerotatus togoi (Diptera: Culicidae) | Journal of Medical Entomology [WWW Document],n.d.URLhttp://jme.oxfordjournals.org/content/46/6/1420

Li, R.C., and Tang, M.C. 2004. Post antibiotic effect induced by an antibiotic combination influence of mode, sequence and interval of exposure. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 54: 904-908.

Liu, X.C., Liu, Q., Zhou, L., Liu, Z.L., 2014. Evaluation of larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Allium macrostemon Bunge and its selected major constituent compounds against Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasit. Vectors. 7, 184. DOI. 10.1186/1756-3305-7-184

Mavundza, E.J., Chukwujekwu, J.C., Maharaj, R., Finnie, J.F., Van Heerden, F.R., Van Staden, J., 2016. Identification of compounds in Olax dissitiflora with larvacidal effect against Anopheles arabiensis. South Afr. J. Bot. 102, 1–3. DOI. 10.1016/j.sajb.2015.06.013

O’Callaghan, Y., Kenny, O., O’Connell, N.M., Maguire, A.R., McCarthy, F.O., O’Brien, N.M., 2013. Synthesis and assessment of the relative toxicity of the oxidised derivatives of campesterol and dihydrobrassicasterol in U937 and HepG2 cells. Biochimie, Oxysterols and Related Sterols in Chemistry, Biology and Medicine 95, 496–503. DOI. 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.04.019

Pelczar. 1988. Malaria yang disebabkan oleh nyamuk Anopheles betina. 9:17 Pusat data dan informasi PERSI. 2003.

Perumalsamy H, Kim N.J, Ahn Y.J., 2009. Larvicidal activity of compounds isolated from Asarum heterotropoides against Culex pipiens pallens, Aedes aegypti, and Ochlerotatus togoi (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol; 46: 14-20.

Saeed, A.A., Genové, G., Li, T., Hülshorst, F., Betsholtz, C., Björkhem, I., Lütjohann, D., 2015. Increased flux of the plant sterols campesterol and sitosterol across a disrupted blood brain barrier. Steroids, Oxysterols and Related Sterols: Chemical, Biochemical and Biological aspects 99, Part B, 183–188. DOI. 10.1016/j.steroids. 2015 .02.005

Mann, S, Kaufman, P., 2012. Natural Product Pesticides: Their Development, Delivery and Use Against Insect Vectors. Mini-Rev. Org. Chem. 9, 185–202. DOI. 10.2174/157019312800604733

Senthil Nathan, S., Kalaivani, K., Sehoon, K., 2006. Effects of Dysoxylum malabaricum Bedd. (Meliaceae) extract on the malarial vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). Bioresour. Technol. 97, 2077–2083. DOI. 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.09.034

Sundarraj, S., Thangam, R., Sreevani, V., Kaveri, K., Gunasekaran, P., Achiraman, S., Kannan, S., 2012. γ-Sitosterol from Acacia nilotica L. induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through c-Myc suppression in MCF-7 and A549 cells. J. Ethnopharmacol. 141, 803–809. DOI. 10.1016/ j.jep.2012.03.014

Tabanca N, Demirci B, Ali A, Ali Z, Blythe, E.K, Khan, I.A., 2015.Essential oils of green and red Perilla frutescens as potential sources of compounds for mosquito management. Ind Crops Prod, 65: 36-44.

Upadhyaya, S., 2013. Screening of phytochemicals, nutritional status, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Paederia foetida Linn. from different localities of Assam, India. J. Pharm. Res. 7, 139–141. DOI. 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.01.015

Wigglesworth, V.B., 1930. A Theory of Tracheal Respiration in Insects. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Contain. Pap. Biol. Character 106, 229–250.

Yu, K.-X., Wong, C.-L., Ahmad, R., Jantan, I., 2015. Larvicidal activity, inhibition effect on development, histopathological alteration and morphological aberration induced by seaweed extracts in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 8, 1006–1012. DOI. 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.11.011

World Health Organization. Instruction for determining the susceptibility or resistance of mosquito larvae to insecticide. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1981. WHO/ VBC/81.80,http://www.who.int/iris/handle / 10665/69619.

World Health Organization. 2009. Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Fact sheet N117 March 2009. http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/facts heets/fs117/en/.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.17307

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3139 | views : 2769

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2016 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada