KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN YANG BERGUNA SECARA LOKAL DI DESA BATU AMPAR, DI DEKAT KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG BUKIT RAJA MANDARA, KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN (The Diversity of Locally Useful Plants in Batu Ampar Village Near Bukit Raja Mandara Protected)

Wiryono Wiryono; Lipranto Lipranto

doi:10.22146/jml.18478

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN YANG BERGUNA SECARA LOKAL DI DESA BATU AMPAR, DI DEKAT KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG BUKIT RAJA MANDARA, KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN (The Diversity of Locally Useful Plants in Batu Ampar Village Near Bukit Raja Mandara Protected)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18478

Wiryono Wiryono^(1*), Lipranto Lipranto⁽²⁾

(1) Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu Jalan Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371
(2) Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu Jalan Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan memiliki banyak fungsi bagi masyarakat, terutama adalah mereka yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan. Masing-masing masyarakat tradisional di Indonesia memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang tumbuhan yang terdapat di lingkungan mereka dan pemanfaatanya. Memiliki banyak jenis tumbuhan dan suku bangsa, Indonesia kaya akan keanekaragaman biologi dan budaya. Namun, pertanian modern dan globalisasi cenderung menurunkan keanekaragaman biologi dan budaya tersebut. Oleh karena itu, pelestarian pengetahuan dan pemanfaatan tradisional sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan oleh penduduk desa Batu Ampar, di Kecamatan Kedurang, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penduduk desa tersebut memanfaatkan 83 jenis tanaman dalam 8 kategori, yaitu bahan makanan sebanyak 35 jenis, bahan obat-obatan 30 jenis, bahan bangunan 16 jenis, kayu bakar 9 jenis, pagar dan pagar hidup 9 jenis, kerajinan tangan 9 jenis, pewarna 1 jenis dan racun 1 jenis. Lima puluh lima jenis tumbuhan diambil dari lahan pribadi dan 28 jenis dari hutan. Secara ekonomis, 54 jenis tumbuhan dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan sendiri, sedangkan 29 jenis tumbuhan selain dimanfaatkan sendiri juga dijual.

ABSTRACT

The diversity of plant species serves many purposes for community, especially those living in rural areas. Each traditional community inIndonesiamay have specific knowledge and use of plants found in their environment. Having many plant species and tribes,Indonesiais rich in biological and cultural diversity. Modern agriculture and globalization, however, tends to reduce both diversities. It is, therefore, essential that traditional knowledge and uses of biological diversity be preserved. This study was aimed to document the diversity of plants used by villagers of Batu Ampar,KedurangSubdistrict, South Bengkulu District. Results showed that villagers used as many as 83 species of plants for eight categories, namely food, followed by medicine, construction, firewood, fence and hedge, handycaraft, coloring agent and poison with 35, 30, 16, 9, fence and hedge 9, handicraft 9, coloring agent 1 and poison 1 species respectively. Fifty five of the plant species were taken from private land and 28 from forest. Economically, 54 species were used for the villagers’ own purpose, while 29 species were not only for their own use but also for sale.