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ANALISIS DAN PREDIKSI BEBAN PENCEMARAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK PENGALENGAN IKAN (Analysis and Prediction of Liquid Waste Pollutant Level in Fish Canning Plant)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18432

Latif Sahubawa(1*)

(1) Jurusan Ilmu Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian UGM
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar parameter pencemaran serta beban pencemaran limbah cair pabrik pengalengan ikan sardin. Manfaatnya adalah sebagai saran pertimbangan kepada industri untuk mengelola limbah cair secara profesional, menjamin kelestarian dan peruntukkan badan air penerima limbah cair, serta bahan informasi ilmiah kepada pengambil kebijakan (terutama pejabat daerah) dalam pengelolaan kualitas lingkungan hidup secara berkelanjutan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah neraca masa, dengan parameter pengamatan yaitu: debit limbah cair maksimum (DM) dan debit limbah cair sebenarnya (DA), serta beban pencemaran maksimum (BPM) dan beban pencemaran sebenarnya (BPA) dari parameter pH, TSS, BOD, COD, dan minyak/lemak sesuai Kepmen LH. No. 06 Tahun 2007. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, tercatat debit air limbah aktual (Dp) = 10,0 liter/detik, debit air limbah sebenarnya (DA) = 2.880 m 3, serta debit air limbah maksimum (DM) = 720 m 3, (jadi DA > DM). Dari hasil analisis laboratorium, kadar parameter indikator pencemaran limbah cair pabrik ikan kaleng, masing-masing: pH = 6,5; TSS = 250 mg/l; BOD 5 = 95,0 mg/l; COD = 105 mg/l; dan minyak/lemak = 0,5 mg/l. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, ternyata beban pencemaran sebenarnya dari masing-masing parameter (BPA-TSS, BOD 5 , dan COD) lebih besar dari beban pencemaran maksimum (BPM), kecuali lemak di mana BPA < BPM. Dengan demikian beban pencemaran limbah cair industri pengalengan untuk parameter TSS, BOD, dan COD telah melewati ambang batas baku mutu air limbah industri perikanan (Kepmen LH No. 06 tahun 2007), dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran (merubah peruntukan) badan air penerima limbah.

 

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research is to investigate pollution parameter level and wastewater pollution charge in Sardine canning plant. The outcomes are to be used as consideration for industries to manage wastewater professionally, as a guarantee for continuity and allocation water canal, and also as scientific information substances for the legislator in managing environmental living sustainably. Analysis methods used in this research is mass balance, which parameters are maximum wastewater debit (MWD), substantive wastewater debit (SWD), maximum pollution load (MPL) and substantive pollution load (SPL), in pH, TSS, BOD, COD and FFA parameters according to Kepmen LH No. 06 , 2007. Based on the measuring result, actual wastewater debit (AWD) = 10 l/s, substantive wastewater debit (SWD) = 2,880 m3, and maximum wastewater debit (MWD) = 720 m3, concluded as SWD>MWD. Based on the laboratory analytical result, wastewater pollution indicator parameters are, respectively, pH=6.5; TSS=250 mg/l; BOD­5=95.0 mg/l; COD=105 mg/l; and oil/fat = 0.5 mg/l. Based on the measuring result, the substantive pollution load, respectively, higher than maximum pollution load (SPL>MPL), except fat parameter, while SPL less than MPL.  We can conclude that wastewater pollution load produced by canning industries, exceeded the allowed limit of wastewater quality for fisheries industries (Kepmen LH No. 06 Year 2007), and also resulted pollution (changing the utilization) in the waste-revenue water canal





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18432

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